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Protecting Yourself

Protecting Yourself. The overall objective is that participants will recognize techniques for ensuring functional correctness of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) used for chemical hazard protection as it applies to a fixed Facility. Overview. Worker protection strategies

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Protecting Yourself

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  1. Protecting Yourself The overall objective is that participants will recognize techniques for ensuring functional correctness of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) used for chemical hazard protection as it applies to a fixed Facility

  2. Overview • Worker protection strategies • Techniques for ensuring functional correctness of PPE use for chemical hazard protection • The purpose and use of PPE • Care of PPE • Decontamination procedures

  3. Expectations • Define worker protection strategy • Identify purpose and use of PPE • Identify the major difference between the four EPA levels of PPE • List the limitations of chemical protective clothing • Recognize the purpose of decontamination • Recognize two major types of contamination • Recognize factors that affect permeation • Recognize three methods of decontamination

  4. Personal Protective Equipment • Engineering controls • Administrative controls • Purpose: “MATCH THE PROTECTION TO THE HAZARD!” • Function: Place an engineered barrier between the worker and the hazard • PPE MUST BE USED FOR ALL SPILL RESPONSES

  5. Personal Protective Equipment Careful selection and use of adequate PPE should protect the respiratory system, skin, eyes, face, hands, feet, head, body, and hearing

  6. Chemical Protective Clothing • Criteria for selection • Chemical resistance • Durability • Flexibility • Temperature resistance • Service and shelf life • Cleanability • Design • Size • Brightly colored suits

  7. Definitions • Chemical resistance- Ability of protective materials to resist penetration, degradation, and permeation • Durability- Ability of the material to resist punctures, abrasions, tears, and other wear factors • Flexibility- Ability of the material to move with relative ease during work operations

  8. Definitions • Temperature resistance- Ability of the material to maintain chemical resistance during temperature extremes (especially heat) and to maintain flexibility during cold temperatures • Service and shelf life- Ability of the material to resist aging and deterioration and the length of time the material can remain on the shelf and still be usable at manufacturedspecifications • Cleanability- Ability of the material to withstand decontamination and to release contact substances

  9. Definitions • Design- Fully encapsulating versus multiple pieces; e.g., hoods, face pieces, gloves, boots, location of zippers, buttons, seams, pockets, etc • Size-Directly related to comfort • Brightly colored suits- Aid in visual identification of personnel. Darker colors absorb radiant heat from external sources and transfer it to the worker, increasing risk of heat-related problems

  10. Selection of Chemical Protective Clothing • Permeation • Degradation • Penetration

  11. Inspection Program • Is the clothing correct as specified in the job plan? • Outer suit • Inner and outer gloves • Boots • Seals

  12. Inspection Program • Is the material in good condition? • New or used • Cuts • Abrasions • Pulls • Tears

  13. Inspection Program • Are seams, zippers, and buttons sound? • Are there any signs of chemical attack? • Discoloration • Softening • Brittleness • Cracking • Is specified gear holding up as designed?

  14. EPA Recommended Guidelines • Levels of protection • Level A - Moon suit • Level B - Supplied air • Level C- Full-face canister • Level D- Coveralls

  15. Level A • Highest level of respiratory, skin and eye protection • SCBA-type air-supplied respirator • Fully encapsulating suit

  16. Level B • Highest level of respiratory protection but limited skin protection • Chemical-resistant clothing

  17. Level C • Limited level of respiratory and skin protection from airborne hazards • Full-face canister respirator (APR) • Chemical-protective clothing with hood • Inner and outer gloves • Chemical-resistant shoes • Optional items like hard hat, boot and glove covers, and possibly a five-minute escape pack

  18. Level D • No respiratory and limited skin protection • Disposable coveralls • Safety shoes • Safety glasses or goggles • Hard hat • Gloves • Optional: five-minute escape pack for emergency egress

  19. Limitations of PPE • Impairs mobility, vision, and communication • Incompatible with other PPE • Problems with mask fit (facial hair, dentures, glasses, caps, 10% body weight change) • Heat stress • Can cause physical and psychological stress • Hinders work performance and active work time

  20. Respiratory Protection • Atmospheric hazards • Gases/Vapors • Particulates • Oxygen deficiency

  21. Mask Fit Tests • Quantitative • Pass/fail pressure test using test agent • Qualitative • Smoke test

  22. Types of Respirators • Air-purifying respirators (APR/PAPR) • Continuous flow respirators • Atmosphere-supplying respirators (SAR)

  23. Air-Purifying Respirators • Utilize “purified” ambient air through a filtering element or absorbent cartridge • Negative pressure respirators

  24. Air-Purifying Respirators • Limitations • Atmosphere that is “Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health” (IDLH) • Entry into area or confined space where exposure conditions have not been characterized • Inadequate warning properties of identified gases or vapors • Unknown service life of sorbent materials in respirator cartridges • High relative humidity

  25. Air-Purifying Respirators • Disadvantages • Limited duration of protection • Limited protection • Constant monitoring • Detectable hazards only • Characteristics • Chemical cartridges • Mechanical filters

  26. Air-Supplying Respirators • Air-line with escape SCBA • Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) • Limitations • The maximum MSHA/NIOSH approved hose length is 300 feet • Mobility impairment • The air lines are vulnerable to damage, contamination, or degradation • The worker needs to retrace steps when leaving the work area • Someone needs to supervise and monitor the air supply

  27. Continuous Flow Respirators • Powered-air purifying respirator (PAPR) • Continuous flow of filtered air to the facepiece

  28. Air-Purifying Respirators Warning properties are essential to safe use of air-purifying respirators since they allow detection of contaminant breakthrough should it occur

  29. Air-Purifying Respirators RESPIRATOR CARTRIDGES/FILTERS COLOR APPROVED FOR Black Organic Vapors Yellow Organic Vapors and Acid Gases White Acid Gases GreenAmmonia and Methylamine PurpleHEPA, Dusts, Fumes and Mists Orangestripefor Dusts, Fumes and Mists in combination with vapor or gas

  30. Air-Purifying Respirators APF Respirator 10 Half-facepiece Respirator with Vapor Cartridge or Filter 50 Full-facepiece Respirator with Vapor Cartridge or Filter 1,000 Full-facepiece Supplied Air Respirator operated in Pressure - demand mode. 1,000 to Full-facepiece Self-contained 10,000 breathing apparatus operated in Pressure demand mode

  31. Decontamination • Purpose • To protect workers from contaminants • Removes or neutralizes contaminants that have accumulated on personnel and equipment • Protective clothing • Respiratory protection equipment • Tools and instruments • Vehicles • Other fixed facility equipment

  32. Decontamination • Types of Contamination • Surface- Remains on the surface • Permeated- Go into or through

  33. Decontamination • Rate of Permeation Factors Contact time Concentration Temperature Contaminant Molecule Size Physical State of Contamination

  34. Decontamination Methods • Physical removal • Chemical removal • Combination methods

  35. Equipment Decontamination • Degree of contamination • Non-cleanable parts • Discarded

  36. Equipment Decontamination • Hand tools • Tables, shelves and pallets • Large equipment

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