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Dioxin and furan releases in Poland Iwona Kargulewicz and Krzysztof Olendrzyński

National Emission Centre Kolektorska 4, 01-692 Warszawa; tel. (4822) 832 33 01; fax. (4822) 833 69 28; e-mail: kcie@ios.edu.pl. Dioxin and furan releases in Poland Iwona Kargulewicz and Krzysztof Olendrzyński. Dioxin Emission in Candidate Countries Bratyslava, 10 March 2003.

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Dioxin and furan releases in Poland Iwona Kargulewicz and Krzysztof Olendrzyński

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  1. National Emission Centre Kolektorska 4, 01-692 Warszawa; tel. (4822) 832 33 01; fax. (4822) 833 69 28; e-mail: kcie@ios.edu.pl Dioxin and furan releases in Poland Iwona Kargulewicz and Krzysztof Olendrzyński Dioxin Emission in Candidate Countries Bratyslava, 10 March 2003

  2. History of PCDD/F emission inventory in Poland PCDD/F 1

  3. Metodology of the inventory preparation PCDD/F ACTIVITY DATA EMISSION FACTOR EMISSION VALUE X = • DOMESTIC EMISSION FACTORS • EF FROM LITERATURE + Data from other sources 2

  4. Emission of dioxins and furans to air PCDD/F Total emission for 2000: 505.3 g I-TEQ 3

  5. Main PCDD/F emission sources in Poland in 2000 PCDD/F PCDD/F Activity EF [mg Emission Share Emission Sources SNAP [Gg] TEQ/Gg] [g I-TEQ] [%] 505.3 g I-TEQ 01 - 11 TOTAL EMISSION 0202 Coal combustion in residential plants sector 8102.8 18 145.9 28.9 090202 Incineration of hazardous wastes in installation without any APCS 2.16 35000 75.6 15.0 1125 Landfill fires 49.3 1000 49.3 9.8 090202 Incineration of industrial wastes in installation without any APCS 13 3500 45.5 9.0 0202 Wood combustion in residential plants sector 6 901.0 5 34.5 6.8 030310 Secondary aluminium production 123.2 150 18.5 3.7 040206 Basic oxygen furnaces steel plants 6793.8 2 13.6 2.7 040203 Pig iron tapping 6491.9 2 13.0 2.6 1125 Accidental fires in vehicles and houses 32.4 400 13.0 2.6 030312 Lame production in plants with poor APCS or without any system 1 188 10 11.9 2.4 030301 Sintering plants 8078.7 1.45 11.7 2.3 4

  6. Progress in the inventory PCDD/F 5

  7. Recent projects associated with dioxin inventory PCDD/F 6

  8. References related to recent projects PCDD/F 7

  9. Emission factors based on domestic measurements Domestic EF UNEP EF Emission Sources [mg TEQ/Gg] [mg TEQ/Gg] 10 mg TEQ/PJ Coal combustion in energy and transformation industries 0.06 (that is 0.2-0.3 mg TEQ/Gg) coal combustion without waste: 70 mg TEQ/PJ (that is 1.5-2 mg Coal combustion in residential plants sector including waste co- 18 TEQ/Gg); combustion in households uncontrolled domestic waste burning - 300 mg TEQ/Gg 10-35 mg TEQ/PJ Coal combustion in manufacturing industry 0.06 (that is 0.2-1 mg TEQ/Gg) Sintering plants 1.45 0.3-20 Cement production 0.07 0.15-5 Incineration of hospital wastes (state-of-the-art, full APCS) 1.4 1.0 Incineration of hospital wastes (minimal or good APCS) 68 525.0 8 Incineration of hospital wastes (no APCS) 453.3 3 000

  10. Dioxin releases to water in 2000 PCDD/F * - aggregated EF 9

  11. Dioxin releases to land in 2000 PCDD/F 10

  12. Releases of dioxins and furans to residues PCDD/F Total releases for 2000: 341.3 g I-TEQ Percentage share of various sectors 9% 4% 01. Combustion in energy and transformation industries 02. Non-industrial combustion plants 03. Combustion in manufacturing industry 40% 04. Production processes 29% 17% 09. Waste treatment and disposal 11

  13. Main sources of PCDD/F releases to residues PCDD/F Activity EF [mg Emission Share Emission Sources SNAP [Gg] TEQ/Gg] [g I-TEQ] [%] 01 - 11 TOTAL EMISSION 341.3 g I-TEQ 040207 Electric furnaces steel plants 3 290 15 49.4 14.5 030310 Secondary aluminium production 123.2 400 49.3 14.4 030309 Secondary copper production 68 630 42.8 12.5 091001 Wastewater treatment in residential sector 354.1* 100 35.4 10.4 0202 Combustion of the contaminated wood in resitential sector 1 035.1 24 24.8 7.3 Incineration of medical wastes in installation with less eficiency 090207 22.9 920 21.1 6.2 APCS 090202 Incineration of hazardous wastes in installation without any APCS 2.2 9000 19.4 5.7 090202 Incineration of hazardous wastes in installation with good APCS 40.8 450 18.4 5.4 090202 Incineration of industrial wastes in installation with good APCS 84.0 207 17.4 5.1 090901 Cremation 6000** 2.5 15.0 4.4 0101 Hard coal combustion in power plants 42 006 0.3 12.6 3.7 040206 Basic oxygen furnaces steel plants 6 793.8 1.5 10.2 3.0 12 *- activity data in mg TEQ/Gg of sewage sludge. **- activity data in mg TEQ/body

  14. Dioxin releases to products in 2000 PCDD/F EF [mg Emission [g I- Emission Sources SNAP Activity [Gg] TEQ/Gg] TEQ] 01 - 11 TOTAL EMISSION 10.78 g I-TEQ 04 Production processes 10.68 040508 Polyvinylchloride 273.9 0.1 0.03 Pesticide production 040525 4.0 700 2.80 (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) Processes in wood industries (drying of 0406 1 353.1 0.1 0.14 biomass) 0406 Paper production (recycling paper) 1 223.0 0.5 0.61 0406 Paper pulp production 711.0 10 7.10 06 Solvent and other product use 0.06 060312 Textile finishing 63.8 1 0.06 09 Waste treatment and disposal 0.03 13 090105 Compost production 322.0 0.1 0.03

  15. Difficulties/areas for improvement PCDD/F 14

  16. Measurements needed for further inventory development PCDD/F 15

  17. Polish laboratories involved in dioxin analyses PCDD/F • There are six laboratories in Poland capable of dioxin analyses: • Technical University of Krakow–the most experienced lab in sampling and analysing of dioxin • Institute of Pulp and Paper in Lodz • Military Institute of Chemistry and Radiometry in Warszawa • Voivodship Inspectorate for Environmental Protection in Lublin • Institute of Meteorology and Water Management in Gdansk • National Foundation for Environmental Protection in Warszawa 16

  18. PCDD/F Main needs for dioxin inventory development 17

  19. Thank you for your attention

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