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Principles of Measurement

LESSON 1. Principles of Measurement. Let the Games Begin!. Objectives. Measurement of temperature and pressure Units of measurement Measurement devices. References. Introduction to Naval Engineering Principles of Naval Engineering. Purpose of Measuring Devices.

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Principles of Measurement

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  1. LESSON 1 Principles of Measurement Let the Games Begin!

  2. Objectives • Measurement of temperature and pressure • Units of measurement • Measurement devices

  3. References • Introduction to Naval Engineering • Principles of Naval Engineering

  4. Purpose of Measuring Devices • Why essential to proper operation of propulsion plants?

  5. WHAT IS TEMPERATURE? • An indication of the internal energy contained in a substance • Mono-Atomic Gases: Linearly proportional • Poly-Atomic Gases: translational, rotational and vibrational kinetic energy. • Temp is a measure of but not directly proportional to internal kinetic energy.

  6. Measurement of Temperature • Relative Scales • Fahrenheit (°F) • Celsius (°C) • Absolute Scales • Rankine (°R) • Kelvin (K)

  7. Temperature Relationships (°F) = 9/5*(°C) +32 (°C) = 5/9*[(°F) –32] (°F) = (°R) – 459.67 (°C) = (K) – 273.15

  8. Measurement of Pressure • Definition: Force per unit area • Units of measurement • Pounds force per square inch (psi) • Inches Hg or inches H2O (“Hg) • Atmospheres (atm)

  9. Pressure Relationships • Gage pressure (PSIG) • Absolute pressure (PSIA) • Vacuum pressure (PSIV) or (in Hg) • Atmospheric pressure (14.7 psi)

  10. Pressure Relationships Absolute Pressure = Atmospheric Press. + Gage Press. Vacuum = Atmospheric Pressure - Absolute Pressure

  11. Pressure Relationships 30 PSIA 15.3 PSIG GAGE PRESSURE (PSIG) ABSOLUTE PRESSURE (PSIA) Atmospheric Pressure 14.7 PSIA 0 PSIG (Average at Sea Level) 0 In. Hg VACUUM (in. Hg) 0 PSIA 29.92 In. Hg

  12. Principle of OperationTemperature Devices • Expansion Thermometers • Liquid in glass • Bimetallic • Filled system/distant reading • Pyrometers • Thermocouple • Resistance • Radiation and optical pyrometers

  13. Expansion Thermometer • Liquid in Glass • Bimetallic • Filled System/Distant Reading

  14. Expansion Thermometer • Liquid in Glass • Bimetallic • Filled System/Distant Reading

  15. Expansion Thermometer • Liquid in Glass • Bimetallic • Filled System/Distant Reading

  16. Expansion Thermometer • Liquid in Glass • Bimetallic • Filled System/Distant Reading

  17. Pyrometers • Thermocouple • Resistance • Radiation and Optical

  18. Pyrometers • Thermocouple • Resistance • Radiation and Optical

  19. Pyrometers • Thermocouple • Resistance • Radiation and Optical

  20. Pyrometers • Thermocouple • Resistance • Radiation and Optical

  21. Operation of Pressure Measuring Devices • Manometers • Bourdon tube • Bellows gage

  22. Operation of Pressure Measuring Devices • Manometers • Bourdon tube • Bellows gage

  23. Operation of Pressure Measuring Devices • Manometers • Bourdon tube • Bellows gage

  24. Operation of Pressure Measuring Devices • Manometers • Bourdon tube • Bellows gage

  25. Questions?

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