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1863

1863. The Emancipation Proclamation . Created by President Lincoln Following the Union Victory at Antietam. Frees the slaves living in “States in Rebellion” as of 1/1/1863. DOES NOT free slaves living in the Border States. Freeing the slaves prevents England from supporting the Confederacy.

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1863

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  1. 1863

  2. The Emancipation Proclamation • Created by President Lincoln Following the Union Victory at Antietam. • Frees the slaves living in “States in Rebellion” as of 1/1/1863. • DOES NOT free slaves living in the Border States. • Freeing the slaves prevents England from supporting the Confederacy.

  3. States Effected By Emancipation

  4. Copperheads (Peace Democrats) • Northerners who were opposed to the war effort and against a war of Emancipation. • Copperheads form an antiwar platform, and demand the Union settle the war with the Confederacy. • Their leader is Clement C. Vallandingham, whom Lincoln had deported to the Confederacy.

  5. African American Troops • Following the Battle of Antietam, Lincoln allows Free Blacks to enlist in the Union Army and Navy. • These Men fought bravely in numerous battles, the most celebrated were the “Fighting 54th of MA” • Confederates say black soldiers caught fighting for the Union will be executed. Leads to Massacre at Fort Pillow on 4/12/1864

  6. Lee’s Victory at Chancellorsville • May 1st-4th 1863, Lee defeats the Union Commander, “Fighting Joe” Hooker. • Hooker loses 17,287 men out of 75,000. • Lee loses his best General when “Stonewall” Jackson is accidently shot by his own man.

  7. The Battle of Gettysburg • Fought from July 1st-3rd, 1863. • Union Commander: General Meade • Confederate Commander: General Lee • Lee’s last ditch effort to invade the North, attacking in Gettysburg, PA, to capture badly needed supplies such as shoes. • Considered the “TURNING POINT” of war, Lee lost ½ of his army, 28,000 men. • The Union lost 23,000 men

  8. Grant’s Victory at Vicksburg • Grant captures Vicksburg, which is the “nail that holds the two halves of the Confederacy together.” • Vicksburg was captured on 7/4/1863 • Capturing Vicksburg gave complete control of the Mississippi to the Union. • The Victory will cause Lincoln to name Grant the Head of the Union Army. • Vicksburg would not celebrate the 4th of July till 1944

  9. The Draft: The Union • In the Union, fewer and fewer men were volunteering for the Army. • Congress passed the Federal Conscription Law, creating the “Draft”. • Wealthy men could “buy” substitutes (poor immigrants) for $300.00. They were called, “$300 Dollar Men” • “It’s a rich man’s war, but a poor man’s fight.”

  10. New York City Draft Riots • Poor Irish Immigrants in New York resented having to fight the war to end slavery. • The Irish hated competing for the worst jobs with freed blacks. • Riots break out in New York City in 1863, and many blacks the rich are targets. • The Army and Navy ended the bloodshed after 4 days, 7/13-7/16/1863.

  11. The Draft: The Confederacy • Originally if a farmer owned 20 or more slaves he was exempt from fighting. • As the war progressed, the Confederate Government called men between the ages of 17-50 to serve. • Eventually to gain support, Davis will emancipate any slave and his family who will fight for the South.

  12. The Gettysburg Address • Given by Lincoln as the Introductory Speaker for the National Cemetery at Gettysburg, PA. • Given 11/19/1863 • The entire speech is 272 words and was given in 2 minutes. • Lincoln believed the speech was a failure.

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