1 / 15

Islet Microencapsulation

Islet Microencapsulation. Presented by: Kristen Galea. Outline. Need for Islet microencapsulation Isolation of Islet cells Microencapsulation process Implantation Cost. Where do Islets cells come from?. Pancreas 1 – 1.5 million Islets of Langerhans - 2% of the mass of the pancreas

lenci
Télécharger la présentation

Islet Microencapsulation

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Islet Microencapsulation Presented by: Kristen Galea

  2. Outline • Need for Islet microencapsulation • Isolation of Islet cells • Microencapsulation process • Implantation • Cost

  3. Where do Islets cells come from? • Pancreas • 1 – 1.5 million Islets of Langerhans - 2% of the mass of the pancreas • Each Islet contains 2000 – 10000 cells • 75% beta cells, 20% alpha cells, D cells and PP cells (or F cells)

  4. Diabetes • Type 1 diabetes – autoimmune disease • Body kills off the Beta cells • Insulin dependant • Insulin shots do not imitate blood glucose levels of non-diabetics • Approximately $600 000 USD in a diabetics lifetime on medication

  5. What are the Alternatives? • Pancreas Transplant • Invasive surgery • Immunosuppressive drugs required • Islet Transplant • Less invasive surgery than transplant • Immunosuppressive drugs • Microencapsulated Islet Transplant

  6. Microencapsulation is the process of covering singular cells in a capsule Important in Diabetes research Eliminates the need for insulin injections No immunosuppressive drugs are required Microencapsulation

  7. Isolating Islet Cells • Must isolate insulin producing cells from pancreas • Requires a pancreas – high demand for organs • Long and delicate procedure • Do not want to damage cells in the process

  8. Isolation Process • Ricordi Chamber • Add Collagenase (an enzyme) to pancreas • Placed in Chamber for digestion phase • Chamber contains glass beads • Gently agitated • Small pieces are filtered • Continuous circulation of enzyme through the chamber

  9. Isolation Process • Fresh medium is flushed through system to stop enzymatic reaction • Islets are purified • Tested for viability and purity • Sufficient number of cells for transplant • 5000 Islets per kilogram of body weight

  10. Materials for Microencapsulation • Biocompatible • Protect cell from immune rejection • Semipermeable membrane • Allows insulin and nutrients to pass through • Current research • Sodium Alginate – isolated from the seaweed (kelp) Macrocystis pyrifera • Poly L-lysine

  11. Microencapsulation Process • Mixture of cells and sodium alginate is prepared • Passed through an airjet (or needle) • Droplets formed • Placed in a calcium chloride solution where a gel forms

  12. Microencapsulation Process • Gel reacts with Poly L-lysine • Membrane formed around cells • Calcium must be removed from the capsule • Place cells in a Sodium Chloride solution • Semipermeable membrane outside, liquid core

  13. Implantation • Implanted into wall of abdominal cavity • Blood vessels in cavity bind to capsule • Functions as a new organ • Nutrients carried into capsule and insulin carried out into blood stream • Simple and easy process compared to an organ transplant

  14. Cost • Medical grade Sodium Alginate • Protanal® - FMC BioPolymer • Production of Microencapsulated Islet cells • Islet Technology – Minnesota • Estimated cost per transplant: • $150 000 - $175 000 USD

  15. Questions

More Related