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Conditions / Reagents

Reaction of carbonyls with hydrogen cyanide (H + CN - ) to form hydroxynitriles. Conditions / Reagents . NaCN (aq). and H 2 SO 4 (aq). supplies H +. supplies the CN -. Room temperature and pressure. Nucleophilic Addition Mechanism. C N. -. O. +. O. H. O. C. CH 3. C. CN.

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Conditions / Reagents

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  1. Reaction of carbonylswith hydrogen cyanide (H+CN-) to form hydroxynitriles Conditions / Reagents NaCN (aq) andH2SO4(aq) supplies H+ supplies the CN- Room temperature and pressure

  2. Nucleophilic Addition Mechanism C N - O + O H O C CH3 C CN CH3 CH3 C CN CH3 CH3 CH3 CN hydrogen cyanide with propanone NaCN (aq) is a source of cyanide ions fromH2SO4 (aq) H+ 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile

  3. HOMEWORK • Draw the mechanism for the reaction of HCN with • ethanal • propanone • 2-methyl propanal • In each case give the full graphical formulae of the organic products and their names.

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