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Traditional Biotechnology

Traditional Biotechnology. Biotechnology. -Broad term: Using or modifying living organisms to serve a useful purpose. -Usually makes us think of high-tech/ modern science -Can also be applied to less advanced practices (in terms of tools required). How old is biotechnology?.

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Traditional Biotechnology

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  1. Traditional Biotechnology

  2. Biotechnology -Broad term: Using or modifying living organisms to serve a useful purpose. -Usually makes us think of high-tech/ modern science -Can also be applied to less advanced practices(in terms of tools required)

  3. How old is biotechnology? • At LEAST 10 000 years old! • 8000 BCE – Potatoes become the first cultivated crop! • Around the same time livestock domesticated

  4. How about my beer? -Grain is steeped in water, and yeast is added. -Yeast ferment the solution, producing alcohol. -Sumerian writing, some of the earliest known scripts, are recipes for brewing beer! -circa 6000 BCE

  5. Fermentation • Yeast cells are placed into an environment lacking oxygen. Why? • Anaerobic respiration! • Sugar------------->Ethanol(alcohol) + CO2 • Humans exploit this process in wine and bread making as well.

  6. Artificial Selection • “Selective breeding” • Reproduction is controlled by humans to choose the traits we want passed on. • Direct result of the DNA (andproteins it produces) that is allowed to be passed on.

  7. Artificial selection in wild mustard

  8. Pasteurization -A process discovered by one of Bogna’s many scientist crushes, Louis Pasteur (1862) -While studying how fermentation worked, wanted to discover why beer kept going bad-Discovered that good beer contained spherical bacteria, bad beer long, thin bacteria-By heating the beer, bad microbes are killed!

  9. Insulin Production -Today, insulin is produced by genetically modified bacteria -Where did diabetics obtain insulin from prior to this? -Isolated from the pancreas of slaughtered animals in a long and expensiveprocess of purifying with various solutions

  10. Why does any of this matter? • We still use these techniques today! • It will help us make informed decisions about the things we buy, what we eat, and how we make decisions in the future

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