1 / 11

The People’s Crusade and the Rhineland Jews

The People’s Crusade and the Rhineland Jews. HIST 3004 9/18/13. People’s Crusade. What is the People’s or Peasants’ Crusade?. Preaching the Crusade. Estimated 127,000 recruits ~10% were knights (less than 1/4 th of all knights) ~40% support staff Who are the other h alf?

lester
Télécharger la présentation

The People’s Crusade and the Rhineland Jews

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The People’s Crusade and the Rhineland Jews HIST 3004 9/18/13

  2. People’s Crusade • What is the People’s or Peasants’ Crusade?

  3. Preaching the Crusade • Estimated 127,000 recruits • ~10% were knights (less than 1/4th of all knights) • ~40% support staff • Who are the other half? • Why did so many sign up?

  4. Raising Funds • Knights would require 4-5 years income • Drought • Alienation of patrimony • The Church and readily available cash • Influx of property into the market depresses values • Contested property rights • Why would you sell off your patrimony?

  5. Beyond Urban II’s Call • Peter the Hermit (ca. 1050-1115) • Attempted pilgrimage but turned back by Seljuqs • Possible originator of the Crusades? • Organize paupers into a spiritually pure crusade • Possible connections with the Second Coming of Christ

  6. Crusading Fervor and the Rhineland Jews • Count Emich of Flonheim • Visions of Jesus • Fulfill “end of times” prophecies to become the last world emperor • May 3, 1096 – Attacks on Jewish community in Speyer • May 18 – Attacks in Worms (800 killed) • May 25 – Battle against Ruthard Bishop of Mainz (1,100 killed) • May 29 – Receive protection money from Cologne

  7. Pogroms of 1096 • Albert of Aachen • Why did these attacks happen? • How were they justified by the crusaders? • How could they defy the Church while on crusade? • Solomon bar Samson • How did the Jewish communities of the Rhineland respond? Illustration from mid-13th century French Bible showing the execution of Jews.

  8. Anti-Jewish Crusading • Folkmar and Gottschalk • Priests leading smaller bands of crusaders • Attacking and extorting Jewish communities • Massacred by the King Coloman of Hungary for pillaging

  9. The End of the “Peasants’ Crusade” • Walter Sans Avoir (lord of Boissy-sans-Avoir) • Meets Italian pilgrims at Constantinople • Aug. 1, 1096 – Peter the Hermit arrives at Constantinople • Aug. 6 – Ferried across the Bosporus by Alexius I Comnenus

  10. The End of the “Peasants’ Crusade” • Kibotos – rallying point • Rainaldo – leader of Italian and German contingent • French raid Nicaea • Rainaldo moves base beyond Nicaea • Sept. 29 – Turks surround Italians and Germans • Surrender and apostasy

  11. The End of the “Peasants’ Crusade” • Oct. 21 – French crusaders seek vengeance • Ambushed by Turks • Peter the Hermit fine, was in Constantinople the whole time • What went wrong for the first wave of the First Crusade?

More Related