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The Goals of Sports Medicine What are They and What Should They Be?

The Goals of Sports Medicine What are They and What Should They Be?. Christian Munthe Department of Philosophy, Göteborg University. Sports Medicine vs. Health Care. HC-goals Secure a certain level of health Prevention (public health, health information, preventive medicine)

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The Goals of Sports Medicine What are They and What Should They Be?

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  1. The Goals of Sports Medicine What are They and What Should They Be? Christian Munthe Department of Philosophy, Göteborg University

  2. Sports Medicine vs. Health Care • HC-goals • Secure a certain level of health • Prevention (public health, health information, preventive medicine) • Restoration (therapies, cures, rehabilitation) • Ailment (palliative medicine) • In a just way • SM-goals • Secure a level of health conducive to athletic performance • Involves the goals of HC, but goes beyond and differ from them • The level of health aimed for in SM typically goes beyond the one aimed for in HC • Involves also “enhancement” of the bodily functions of individuals • No apparent requirement of justice

  3. The Dual Influences of SM • The “Ethos” of Traditional Medicine • Life & Quality of Life (primary but limited) • Autonomy (contested scope and strength) • Justice (contested policies) • The “Ethos” of Sports • Supreme performance and excellence (primary & unlimited) • Fairness (determined by policies/rules) • Autonomy (presupposed)

  4. Rationing Health Care Resources • HC views • Need is paramount (combined with prognosis) • Provide for the worse off up to a certain level • Contested ideas about the relevance of numbers, but numbers relevant in some way. • Contested ideas about the relevance of merit and/or desert • SM-views • Unclear what is paramount: potential for supreme performance? (Fairness á la sports) • Providing of resources not limited by the same level as in HC • Numbers problematic (athletes a minority + conflict: elite vs. leisure sports) • Merit/Desert can work both ways • Sports injuries etc. self-inflicted • Sports heroes of great benefit to society

  5. Contested Procedures: four lines of reasoning • “Doping”, nutrition, training methods, gene-technology etc. • Line 1 • SM should adapt to the “ethos” of HC (safety, justice) • Either: problematic since SM’s goals are different • Or: a reason for revising the goals of SM (and the practice of SM) • Line 2 • SM should adapt to the “ethos” of sports (excellence, fairness) • Either: problematic due to the rules and goals of sports being arbitrary from a medical point of view • Or: reason for breaking SM out of the HC context alltogether • Line 3 • Sports should adapt to the “ethos” of HC/SM ( determining fairness) • (If SM, this presupposes an “ethos” of SM independent of sports) • Medical safety an argument against doping etc. (but what safety level?) • Medical justice arguments against doping etc. • Line 4 • HC should adapt to the “ethos” of SM/Sports (safety, justice) • Either: extremely problematic due to the large differences • Or: reason for radical revision of the “ethos” of HC

  6. Remarks and Reflections • What “ethos” - if any - is relevant for an ethics of SM? • What is the “place” of SM in society? • A Basic Problem for “ethos”-based ethics • Virtue oriented sports philosophy • Communitarian theories of justice • A Challenge for SM and Sports, but also for Medical Ethics • There is no given “archimedian point” • Inquiries into concrete, particular issues the way forward (?)

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