1 / 30

Basic First Aid

Basic First Aid. Seizures/Convulsions. Seizures: mild to severe brief blackouts, involuntary movements, sudden falls periods of confused behavior involuntary muscle contractions. Grand Mal seizures uncontrollable muscle movements (jerking or spasms) Rigidity loss of consciousness

lirit
Télécharger la présentation

Basic First Aid

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Basic First Aid

  2. Seizures/Convulsions • Seizures: mild to severe • brief blackouts, involuntary movements, sudden falls • periods of confused behavior • involuntary muscle contractions. • Grand Mal seizures • uncontrollable muscle movements (jerking or spasms) • Rigidity • loss of consciousness • loss of bladder and/or bowel control • breathing that stops temporarily.

  3. Seizures/Convulsions • Stay with the person – consider calling 911 • Protect the person from injury • Move all furniture or equipment that is nearby • Do not hold or restrain the person • Do not put anything in the person’s mouth • Loosen clothing • Roll the person on his/her side • After the seizure activity has stopped: • Perform rescue breathing if person is blue or not breathing (if CPR certified) • If breathing, lay person on side

  4. FAINTING • Pale, sweaty, slow pulse • Lay person on back with head to the side and legs elevated • DO NOT give anything by mouth • If person doesn’t wake up right away, call 911

  5. Choking • Partial airway obstruction with good air exchange • Forceful cough • Wheezing in between breaths *Stay with the person and encourage them to cough

  6. Choking • Partial airway obstruction with poor air exchange • Weak, ineffective cough • High-pitched noises while breathing * This type of obstruction should be dealt with as if it were a complete obstruction

  7. Choking • Complete airway obstruction • Unable to breathe, speak or cough • Clutching at his/her throat (universal distress signal for choking) • If the person is still conscious, perform Heimlich maneuver • If the person becomes unconscious, call 911 and continue helping if familiar with First Aid/CPR

  8. Heimlich Maneuver

  9. Major Bleeding: Direct Pressure • Use a sterile dressing or clean cloth • Fold to form pad • Apply pressure directly over wound • Fasten with bandage; knot over wound • If bleeding continues, add second pressure dressing

  10. Bleeding: Pressure Points Apply pressure where artery lies near skin over bone.

  11. Bleeding: Pressure Points • Use pressure point closest to wound, between wound and heart • Superficial arteries: use flat surface of several fingers • Femoral artery, use heel of one hand

  12. Tourniquet Absolute last resort in controlling bleeding: Life or the limb Once a tourniquet is applied, it is not to be removed , only by a doctor

  13. Cuts • Apply pressure with a clean cloth, elevation • Can be cleaned better when bleeding stops • Large and deep: seek medical attention • Maintain pressure • Minor cuts • Soap and water, peroxide • cover with antibiotic ointment and dressing. • If cut may need sutures, seek medical care as soon as possible • Consider “Super Glue”

  14. Works on People, Too!

  15. Abrasions • Must get wound clean • Hold pressure with or without “numbing” medicine till bleeding stops • Clean wound with soap and water in 1 -2 hours • Wrap in dry bandage • Clean at least twice a day till healed

  16. Puncture Wounds • DO NOT remove large objects such as knives or sticks, call 911 • For minor wounds, wash with soap and water • Remove splinters? • Antibiotic ointment • Bandage • The person may need a tetanus booster injection

  17. StingingInsects • Remove the stinger with the scraping motion of a fingernail • DO NOT pull the stinger out • Put a cold compress on the bite • Hydrocortisone cream • Benadryl • Check for allergies • If hives, paleness, weakness, nausea, vomiting, tightness in chest, breathing difficulty, or collapse occur, call 911. • For spider bites, call the Poison Control Center or hospital

  18. EpiPen

  19. How to use an Epipen: • Pull off gray safety cap. • Place black tip on thigh, at right angle to leg • Press hard into thigh until Auto-Injector mechanism functions • Hold in place for several seconds • The EpiPen unit should then be removed and discarded • Massage the injection area for 10 seconds.

  20. Blisters • Leave intact • Puncture under clean conditions • Cleanse area, hands, needle • Puncture near edge • Antibiotic ointment and bandage

  21. EYE Injuries • DON’T RUB!!! • Wash out (chemicals, dirt) • Patch or compress or keep closed • Send the person directly to an emergency room.

  22. NOSEBLEEDS • With person sitting, squeeze nostrils together between thumb and index finger for 10 minutes • Ice on forehead • If bleeding persists, seek medical attention– but maintain pressure

  23. TEETH • If knocked out, find the tooth and rinse it gently without touching the root • Insert and gently hold the tooth in its socket or transport the tooth in cow’s milk • If broken, save the pieces. Gently clean the injured area with warm water. Place a cold compress to reduce swelling. • Send the person directly to the dentist or an emergency room. Time is important!

  24. Major Fractures • Other injuries – major accident • Broken skin, major deformity • Heavy bleeding • Loss of circulation • Neck, head, hip, pelvis, upper leg

  25. Major Fractures • Stop any bleeding • Immobilize • Splint • Don’t try to re-align • Treat for shock • Head down • Legs up?

  26. Dislocations • Don't delay medical care • Don't move the joint • Nerves, blood vessels and ligaments • Put ice on the injured joint

  27. Fractures and Sprains: PRICE • P-- protect the injured limb from further injury by not using the joint • R-- rest the injured limb • I-- ice the area • C-- compress the area with an elastic wrap or bandage • E-- elevate the injured limb whenever possible to help prevent or limit swelling

  28. Sunburn • Avoidance • Cover up: hats, sleeves • Sunscreen • Cool bath or shower • Leave blisters intact • Tylenol, Advil, Solarcaine

  29. Heat Illness • AVOID The Problem • DRINK even if not “thirsty” • Lots ofclear urine • Heat Cramps: rest, cool down, DRINK • Heat Exhaustion = threatened Heatstroke • Nausea, faint • Pale, clammy & cool • Give fluids, active cooling • Heatstroke  Call 911 • Hot, shock, unconscious

More Related