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Agriscience Applications

Agriscience Applications. Biotechnology. The Beginning…. In your notebook write a definition for biotechnology. Bio. Technology. The Beginning…. Bio. Life or living. Application of science to an industrial or commercial objective. Technology. History.

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Agriscience Applications

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  1. Agriscience Applications Biotechnology

  2. The Beginning… • In your notebook write a definition for biotechnology Bio Technology

  3. The Beginning… Bio Life or living Application of science to an industrial or commercial objective Technology

  4. History • Biotechnology has been around since the beginning of time • Yeast to make bread rise • Bacteria to ferment sauerkraut • Bacteria to produce cheese, yogurt • Transform grain into alcohol

  5. Sauerkraut

  6. Biotechnology • Silage • Used for animal feed • Green grasses and grains stored in air tight containers • Converts sugars and starches to acids

  7. Silage

  8. Silage

  9. Silage

  10. The Genetic Connection • Genetics • Biology of heredity • Transmission of characteristics from an organism to its offspring through genes in reproductive cells • Gregor Mendel • Experimented with garden pea plants

  11. The Genetic Connection • Genes • Components of cells that determine individual characteristics of all living things • Comprised of DNA • The “Blueprint” of cells and their successive cells

  12. The Genetic Connection Animal Cell

  13. The Genetic Connection

  14. The Genetic Connection • Gene Mapping • Matching a gene to a trait • Determines what gene is responsible for certain traits Examples: • Tendency of baldness • Tendency of females to have twins • Height of plants

  15. Application of Biotechnology • DNA Matching • Identifying the parents of offspring • Genetic engineering • Early 1980’s • Modifies the genetic make-up of animals and plants • Movement of genetic information (genes) from one cell to another

  16. Products of Genetic Engineering • Insulin • Treats diabetes • Herbicide resistant crops • BST (bovine somatotrapin) • Increases milk production • Lee-minus • Bacteria that retards frost formation on plants • Convert waste to fuel

  17. Objective • Explore the structure of DNA as it is related to examples of agricultural plants and animals

  18. DNA • Found in all living cells • All DNA is similar in structure and function • transmitter of heredity information

  19. DNA • Deoxyribonulceic acid • Come in pairs of strands • connected by bases • Adenine • Guanine • Cytosine • Thymine • Shape • double helix

  20. DNA in Genetics • Gene Splicing • Removing and inserting genes into DNA • Alters a given characteristic • Examples: • Alter a plants susceptibility to disease • Make a plant resistant to insects • Alter bacteria to increase meat production

  21. Gene Mapping • The process of finding and recording the location of genes

  22. Recombinant DNA • Improves animal and plant performance by manipulation • Alter microorganisms • Control • disease • insects • weeds • pest • Less use of chemicals more biological control • better for the environment

  23. Concerns • Federal and state governments monitor use • Extensive testing • Laboratory to the greenhouse • Final testing is occurs outdoors prior to final approval • Final approval only after all phases are completed

  24. Assignment • Organize a discussion group with two other people. • Explore four benefits and concerns of biotechnology • Record your benefits and concerns in your notes with an explanation • Provide the best solution for your concerns • Be ready to share your work

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