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Commas and Independent Clauses, Commas and Dependent Clauses, and Semicolons

Commas and Independent Clauses, Commas and Dependent Clauses, and Semicolons. Commas. Commas set off long introductory clauses and phrases and shorter clauses and phrases that would be confusing without the comma

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Commas and Independent Clauses, Commas and Dependent Clauses, and Semicolons

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  1. Commas and Independent Clauses, Commas and Dependent Clauses, and Semicolons

  2. Commas • Commas set off long introductory clauses and phrases and shorter clauses and phrases that would be confusing without the comma -Ex: When the fire alarm went off for the third time that night, the motel clerkfinally called the fire department. • Commas are used to set off participle phrases that modify some part of theindependent clause -Ex: The Senate adjourned today, having successfully defeated a filibustering attempt.

  3. Commas • Commas separate two independent clauses connected by a coordinating conjunction -Ex: Seven men were arrested on the east side, and ten more were taken into custody six hours later • Do not use a comma to separate two independent clauses that are not joinedby a coordinating conjunction

  4. Semicolons • Semicolons are used when you have two independent clauses that you are going to link together • They can also be used when one of those independent clauses are followed by an adverb (Ex: however, etc) • Ex: I ate a lot of food; therefore, I am full. • Ex: I am going home; I intend to stay there.

  5. Difference Between Semicolons and Commas • A semicolon is when you join two independent clauses without any connecting word unless it is an adverb • A comma is when you are joining independent clauses with connecting words such as and, but, or etc

  6. Independent Clauses • An independent clause is a complete sentence or thought containing a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought • An independent clause is a complete sentence • An independent marker word can come before a sentence that can stand alone. If however, the second independent clause has an independent marked word then a semicolon must be used before the marked word. • Ex: Jim studied in the Sweet Shop for his chemistry quiz. • Ex: Sally went to the beach on a hot sunny day; however, she got a sunburn and went home early.

  7. Dependent Clauses • A dependent clause is a group of words that contains a subject and verb but does not express a complete thought • A dependent clause cannot be a sentence • Ex: When Jim studied in the Sweet Shop for his chemistry quiz… (What happened when he studied?) • Ex: The project was not completed on time because the parts got lost. • Ex: If at first you don’t succeed, try something again.

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