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Primary Nutrients

Primary Nutrients. Next. Primary nutrients. Introduction. Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P) and Potassium (K) are often referred to as primary nutrients. They are most common elements found in commercial fertilizers .

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Primary Nutrients

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  1. Primary Nutrients Next

  2. Primary nutrients Introduction Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P) and Potassium (K) are often referred to as primary nutrients. They are most common elements found in commercial fertilizers. The above three essential nutrients are frequently managed by the addition of fertilizers to soils. While the others are usually found in sufficient quantities in most soils and no soil amendments are usually used. Primary nutrients are usually lacking in soil because plants use them in large amounts for their growth and survival. 

  3. Primarynutrients Nutrient Deficiency A nutrient deficiency occurs when the nutrient is not in sufficient quantity to meet the needs of the growing plant. • Nutrient Toxicity Nutrient toxicity occurs when a plant nutrient is in excess and decreases plant growth or quality.

  4. Primary nutrients Types of deficiency symptoms (NPK) Chlorosis– yellowing of plant tissue due to limitations on chlorophyll synthesis. Lack of new growth- the development of new leaf reduced. Necrosis - death of plant tissue sometimes in spots. Stunting or reduced growth - new growth continues but it is stunted or reduced compared to normal plants. Accumulation of anthocynanin - resulting in a purple or reddish color .

  5. Primary nutrients Brief key to deficiency symptoms of Primary Nutrients Symptoms Deficiency of Nutrients Symptoms appearing first on older leaves: Chlorosis starting from leaf tip N Reddish colour on green leaves or stem P Necrosis on leaf margins K

  6. Primary nutrients Role of nitrogen (N) in plants It is a part of all living cells and a necessary part of all proteins, enzymes and chlorophyll, etc. It helps plants with rapid growth, increasing seed and fruit production and improving the quality of leaf and forage crops. Nitrogen often comes from fertilizer application (mainly urea) and from the air (legumes get their N from the atmosphere, water or rainfall contributes very little nitrogen)

  7. Primary nutrients Primary nutrients Nitrogen (N) deficiency in maize Chlorosis (yellowing) at the tip of the oldest leaf. Chlorosis continues to the next oldest leaf

  8. Primary nutrients Role of phosphorus (P) in plants It is involved in the formation of all oils, sugars, starches, etc. Helps with the transformation of solar energy into chemical energy; proper plant maturation; withstanding stress. Helps in rapid growth, encourages blooming and root growth. Phosphorus often comes from fertilizers, bone meal, and rock phosphate. 

  9. Primary nutrients Phosphorous (P) deficiency in maize Purple coloration of lower leaves

  10. Primary nutrients Role of potassium (K) in plants Potassium is removed by plants in larger amounts than any other mineral element except nitrogen.  It helps in the building of proteins , photosynthesis, fruit quality and reduction of diseases. Potassium is supplied to plants by soil minerals, organic materials, and fertilizers.

  11. Primary nutrients Potassium (K) deficiency in maize • Chlorosis at the tip of the oldest leaf progressing toward the base along the leaf margins

  12. Primary nutrients Forms of primary nutrients for plant uptake • Nitrogen – NH4+, NO3- • Phosphorus – H2PO4- , HPO4— • Potassium – K+

  13. Primary nutrients Sources of primary nutrients Organic manures: Farmyard manure, green manure, composts, vermicompost, crop residues, oilcakes Chemical fertilizers: Urea (N), DAP (NP), SSP (P), Muriate of Potash (K) and potassium sulphate (K) Biofertilizers: Azotobacter, Rhizobium (N)

  14. Primary nutrients Sources of primary nutrients Vermicompost Farmyard manure Bacteria N2 fixation Rhizobium,Bradyrhizobiumwith legumes

  15. Primary nutrients Chemical fertilizers Urea (Source of Nitrogen) MOP (Source of Potassium)

  16. Primary nutrients Let us sum up Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are considered as primary nutrients. Knowledge of the properties and functions of these nutrients is helpful for their efficient and proper management. These nutrients are needed by plants in higher quantities and, thus, essential for good plant growth and high yields. Plants exhibit many shades of greenness (chlorosis) or other deficiency symptoms in case of insufficient supply. Primary nutrients can be supplied through different organic sources, chemical fertilizers and bio-fertilizers. End

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