1 / 70

Chapter 2

Chapter 2. Dress, Society, and the Novice Researcher. From the headlines. National casual businesswear survey sparks debate: What is appropriate attire for the office?

lmcconville
Télécharger la présentation

Chapter 2

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 2 Dress, Society, and the Novice Researcher

  2. From the headlines • National casual businesswear survey sparks debate: What is appropriate attire for the office? • Dockers and Slates, manufacturers of branded jeans and casual sports wear, commissioned a study to identify workers’ attitudes and behaviors about business attire.

  3. Questions to answer • How can my academic and professional careers benefit from research skills? • What is research? • What are the steps in conducting research related to dress and society? • How is periodical literature categorized? • How do quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods research differ? • What tools are used to collect data?

  4. What research skills are useful to undergraduates? • An inquiring mind • Appreciation for detective work • Knowledge of research tools • Understanding how research topics are chosen • Determination • Motivation • Persistence • Patience

  5. What is research? • A systematic approach to collecting data in efforts to answer questions or solve problems

  6. Research topicWorkplace dress codes

  7. Research question • What you want to learn from an investigation • What is the relationship between casual dress and employee productivity?

  8. Research Problem • An area of concern • Writing a clear and nondiscriminatory employee dress code

  9. Data • Numbers • Pictures • Words

  10. Basic research • Adds to existing knowledge by building theories

  11. Phenomena • Observable facts, experiences, events, trends

  12. Occupational stereotypes • Overgeneralized ideas about attributes and behaviors of individuals in occupational groups

  13. Multidisciplinary • Multiple specialized disciplines (i.e., areas of study) • Different theories derive from different disciplines

  14. Applied Research • Conducted primarily to improve practice by solving practical problems

  15. The research process • Read related literature and ask questions • Identify a research question or problem • Select a research method or tool • Collect data • Analyze data • Interpret data

  16. Identifying a research question or problem • Theoretical backgrounds • Observation of the population • Personal interest • Work of other investigators • Differing results in the literature

  17. Observation may help identify a research question or problem

  18. The cowboy is a popular research topic

  19. Identifying information sources • Scholarly journals • Substantive news or general interest periodicals • Special interest periodicals -- Trade publications • Popular periodicals • Sensational periodicals

  20. Scholarly Journals • Purpose—to report original research • Authors are scholars who have done research in the discipline • Peer reviewed • Process by which articles are chosen • Experts reviewed • Decided research was authoritative • Clothing and Textiles Research Journal

  21. Scholarly Journal

  22. Substantive News orGeneral Interest Periodicals • Purpose—to provide general information to a broad audience of readers • Time, Newsweek, New York Times

  23. GeneralInterestMagazine

  24. Special Interest Periodicals • Purpose—to provide specialized information to an audience in a particular occupation or trade • Trade publications • Women’s Wear Daily, Daily News Record

  25. Popular Periodicals • Purpose—to entertain readers, sell products, and promote a viewpoint • Printed on slick paper, use many visual graphics • Vogue, Harper’s Bazaar, GQ

  26. Sensational Periodicals • Purpose—to arouse curiosity and cater to popular superstitions • Newspaper format • Startling headlines • Star, National Inquirer, Globe

  27. Sensational Periodical

  28. Identifying Research Methods and Tools • Quantitative • Qualitative • Mixed methods research

  29. Research Tools • Questionnaires • Interview questions • Attitude surveys • Document and artifact worksheets • Published instruments

  30. Quantitative Research • Provides data measured in numbers • Data are subjected to statistical analyses • Used to • describe situations • identify relationships • compare groups

  31. Quantitative Research Tools • Surveys • Questionnaires • Attitude measures • Observation checklists • Published tests

  32. Three general types of statistics • Frequency • Number of times something occurs or % • Central tendency • Mean – average number • Median – middle number • Mode – most frequent number • Variability • Range – lowest to highest • Standard deviation – average difference

  33. Survey Research • Gathers data at one point in time • From individuals who represent groups with specific characteristics • Used to describe a situation by answering a set of questions • Helps make decisions, i.e., what merchandise to select and stock

  34. Adult Preferences for Halloween Costumes

  35. Observational Research • Earliest & most common research method • Used when information needed to answer questions is best obtained through direct observation • Data are gathered and organized into categories • Observation generates numbers by use of a tool called a data collection worksheet

  36. Observational Research • Can be used by designers to solve a problem • Produces descriptive results • Describe a situation • As it exists • E.g., a fashion count

  37. Research Hypothesis • One way of stating a research question or research problem • Includes predicting a relationship between two variables • Variables—factors having two or more values or distinguishable properties or characteristics • For ex., acceptable v. unacceptable dress

  38. Acceptabledress for aclub?

  39. Correlational Research • Measure the extent of relationship between and among variables

  40. Demographic Variables • Individual characteristics • Gender • Ethnicity • Education • Occupation • Age • Religion

  41. Nominal Variable • Two or more values are assigned to categories • Each person can be a member of only one category • All other members of the category have the same characteristics • Gender

  42. Ordinal Variable • Two or more values assigned to categories are ranked from lowest to highest • Education

  43. Continuous Variable • Any value along a continuum is possible • Interval variable • Based on equal units of measurement • Age

  44. Relationships Measured • Do NOT include cause and effect • One variable is the direct result of a second variable • Post hoc fallacy • Research mistake • Attributing cause and effect to a correlational relationship

  45. Correlational relationships • Expressed in • Direction • Positive • Negative • Strength • High • Moderate • Low

More Related