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DICOS

DICOS. DIGITAL IMAGING AND COMMUNICATIONS—IN SECURITY Dezso Csipo Object Forge, Inc. Co-Authors: Harry Massey and Jean Johnson (NEMA). T he security industry. There are many secure publically accessible facilities in the world, but the most frequently used ones are AIRPORTS.

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DICOS

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  1. DICOS DIGITAL IMAGING AND COMMUNICATIONS—IN SECURITY Dezso Csipo Object Forge, Inc. Co-Authors: Harry Massey and Jean Johnson (NEMA)

  2. The security industry • There are many secure publically accessible facilities in the world, but the most frequently used ones are AIRPORTS. • We all use them on a regular basis • We all have to clear security.

  3. Devices used in security • X-Ray Scanners • CT scanner • Metal Detectors • Back scatter whole body imagers • Puffers (analyzers for chemical residues) • MR spectography devices

  4. The data • Images • Flat X-Ray images (like DX) • CT images • Threat detection reports • Similar to CAD in medicine, but used more extensively. • Spectograms

  5. Background • The security Industry • One major US customer, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) • Many international customers in airport security • Other security applications worldwide • No standard interconnect between the various manufacturers.

  6. History • The standardization activity was initiated by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), TSA. • The TSA recognized the progress made in the medical industry. • The TSA recognized the value in collaborative standards. • The TSA whished to minimize the length of effort required to develop a standard.

  7. History (continued) • Several contacts were established between NEMA and the TSA • Two years ago the effort was initiated by reaching an agreement between NEMA and DHS.

  8. Standard’s body organization • The industry director is Mr. Harry Massey Har_Massey@nema.org • The industry manager is Ms. Jean Johnson Jean.Johnson@nema.org • The Standard is being developed under the industry group designated IIC-1

  9. Standard’s Body Organization • There is a section committee in charge of the overall process and the final decisions concerning the standard. • There are for working groups and a technical committee • The Technical committee takes on an oversight role ad it is the final vote on technical issues. • The CT working group deals with the technology specific issues of CT image information object definitions. • The DX working group deals with the technology specific issues of Direct X-Ray device use in checked luggage and check-point environments. • The Threat Detection Report (TDR) working group deals with interpretation related issues, and the TDR IOD • The Transmission working group deals with transmission for the high volume applications.

  10. How Did We Do it? • NEMA searched for Technical experts to help with the effort. • Mr. Dezso Csipo of Object Forge, Inc. was hired as a consultant. • Later Mr. Don Van Sycle was hired as a consultant. • The industry representatives • Siemens • GE • L3 • Analogic • Reveal • Optosecurities • AS&E • Guardian • Rapiscan • And others…

  11. How Did We DO It? • Selling the concept of building on DICOM. • Was not easy: • DICOM has an antiquated encoding (binary not XML) • DICOM is believed to be a chatty transmission protocol (an image issue resulting from poor early implementations) • A large number of industry representatives had no exposure to DICOM • Then Why DICOM? • Proven Interoperability • Industry History • A consensus standard that has succeeded in the marketplace • Pressure from DHS • The successes of DICONDE in testing.

  12. What Did We DO? • Defined the real world model. • Identified the modalities to be addressed by the first draft of the standard. • Identified the timelines desired by DHS • Formed the workgroups assigned the modules that each workgroup had to address

  13. The Technical Committee • Overall responsibility for the entire standard. • The definition of: • The Object Of Inspection (OOI) module • The OOI Owner Module • The Common IE modules and Macros • The integration of the IODs into the standard.

  14. The CT Workgroup • Responsible for defining all CT related Modules. • CT Image Multiframe Functional Group Macros.. • Frame of Reference Module . • Multiframe Dimension Module.. • CT Series Module • CT Image Module • CT Image Functional Group Macros • Common CT Descriptions • Multiframe Functional Groups Module

  15. The DX Workgroup • Responsible for all DX related Modules • DX Series • DX Detector • DX Positioning • X-Ray Generation • X-Ray Filtration

  16. The TDR Workgroup • Responsible for the definition ot the TDR modules • Threat Detection Report Module • Threat Sequence Module

  17. The Transmission Workgroup • The workgroup was created to address concerns of transmission of extra high volume applications (2Gigabytes/sec or higher) • The workgroup evaluated the viability of DICOM DIMSE for sutability

  18. And the result is

  19. Next Steps • More IODs for more modalities • AIT (formerly known as Whole Body Imaging) • Spectographs • Additional TDR types • Manual inspection results • On screen resolution results • Workflow management and integration with external systems • Expansion of the coded terminology.

  20. Questions?

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