LOA 5 D — Thin Noise - Reducing Asphalt Technology and Performance

1. LOA 5 D — ThinNoise-ReducingAsphalt Technology and Performance DAV, BergischGladbach, 18 June 2012 Dipl.-Ing. Miomir Miljković The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg

2. Introduction—Environmental Noise Directive The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

3. Sources of Road Noise • Noisefromengine and drvingtrain • Noisegeneratedbytyre/roadcontact • Noisefromwindaround the vehicle (aerodynamicnoise) The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

4. Tyre/Road Noise in Total Noise Emission Common, dense-graden surface layers (AC, SMA) The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg Tyre/RoadNoise LightVehicle Intensity (%) Tyre/RoadNoise HeavyVehicle EngineNoise LightVehicle EngineNoise HeavyVehicle Speed (km/h) LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

5. Mechanisms of the Tyre/Road Noise Generation • Tyrerotation The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg • Vibrations in the tyre LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

6. Mechanisms of the Tyre/Road Noise Generation The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg • Air pumping LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

7. Mechanisms of the Tyre/Road Noise Generation The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg • Horn effect LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

8. Optimisation of Noise Reduction Performance Two Main Types of the Open Surface Shape The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

9. Optimisation of Noise Reduction Performance • Using a small maximum aggregate size of 5.6mm toachieve an • even and smooth pavement surface thatcould reduce noise generated from vibrations in thetyre. • Using a high void content to achieve an • open surfacetexture that can reduce noise generated from airpumping. The target void content is about 5–6%. • Using cubic aggregate to achieve an • even andsmooth pavement surface that can reduce noisegenerated from vibrations in the tyre. • Using a low sand content to achieve a • highly openporous surface texture and dense structure of thelayer. The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

10. Optimisation of Noise Reduction Performance The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg Photograph of the LOA 5 D surface layer inMecumstraßein Düsseldorfafter 30 months of service (surface is 20 by 10 cm in size) LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

11. Analysis and evaluation of surface texture parameters • Optical 3D measurementanalysis The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

12. Optimisation of NoiseReductionPerformance AcousticallyRelevantSurfaceTextureParameters • Mean profile depth, MPD, and estimatedtexturedepth, ETD The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

13. Optimisation of Noise Reduction Performance Acoustically Relevant Surface Texture Parameters • Maximum amplitude of the wavelength spectrum, Amax • Wavelength corresponding to the maximum amplitude, Wmax The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

14. Optimisation of Noise Reduction Performance Acoustically Relevant Surface Texture Parameters • Shape factor, g(from a cumulative frequency distribution) • Shape length, gL(product of g and Wmax) The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

15. Analysis and evaluation of surface texture parameters—GraphicalOutputExamples MasticAsphalt, MA 8 S Shapefactor, g = 45 % The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

16. Analysis and evaluation of surface texture parameters—GraphicalOutputExamples LOA 5 D Shapefactor, g = 85 % The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

17. NoiseMeasurements on the Test Pavements Close-Proximity (CPX) MeasuringMethod The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg CPX measuring trailer with the towing vehicle LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

18. NoiseMeasurements on the Test Pavements Close-Proximity (CPX) MeasuringMethod The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg CPX measuring trailer LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

19. NoiseMeasurements on the Test Pavements Close-Proximity (CPX) MeasuringMethod The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg Position of the microphonesnear the reference tyre LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

20. NoiseMeasurements on the Test Pavements NoiseEmissionDevelopmentover Time The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

21. NoiseMeasurements on the Test Pavements Comparisson of the AcousticalProperties of LOA 5 D withOtherSurfaceLayers The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg Lightvehicles at 50 km/h LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

22. NoiseMeasurements on the Test Pavements Comparisson of the AcousticalProperties of LOA 5 D withOtherSurfaceLayers The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg Heavyvehicles at 50 km/h LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

23. Recommendation of the Specification for LOA 5 D The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012

24. The Faculty of Civil and EnvironmentalEngineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau — Prof. Dr.-Ing. Martin Radenberg Thanksforyourattention! Ruhr-Universität Bochum The Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Lehrstuhl für Verkehrswegebau Building IA 2/26 Universitätsstraße 150 D-44801 Bochum, Germany LOA 5 D — Thin Noise-Reducing Asphalt — Technology and Performance| DAV, Bergisch Gladbach, 18 June 2012