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World War I: 1914-1918 The Great War

Objectives: Agenda: Pretest with clickers, WWI Into notes, Trench life, Propaganda work Do Now: Pre Test w / clickers Hmwk : Register for AP Exam !!!!!. World War I: 1914-1918 The Great War. I. Europe Before the War. Russian Empire. German Empire. Great Britain.

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World War I: 1914-1918 The Great War

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  1. Objectives: Agenda: Pretest with clickers, WWI Into notes, Trench life, Propaganda work Do Now: Pre Test w/ clickersHmwk: Register for AP Exam !!!!!

  2. World War I: 1914-1918The Great War

  3. I. Europe Before the War Russian Empire German Empire Great Britain Austro-Hungarian Empire France Ottoman Empire (Balkans)

  4. II. Why the Great War Began • Militarism – “glorification of military strength” • Each nation tried to get a bigger army or navy than the other (arms race) • Alliance System – leaders of nations promised to aid one another in case of attack • Central Powers/Triple Alliance – Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire • Allied Powers/Triple Entente – Great Britain, France, Russia

  5. II. Why The Great War Began • Imperialism – competition for colonial empires fueled rivalry • Nationalism– Ethnic groups wanted nations of their own (especially in Austria-Hungary). • Example: Ethnic Slav people in the Balkan “powder keg” – they were under the control of either the Ottoman or Austro-Hungarian Empires and wanted their own nation-states! • Serbia was an independent Slavic nation and wanted other Slavs to join them in a new nation-state. The area had several wars in the early 1900s, trying to achieve this aim.

  6. III. The Spark Wow. • Archduke Franz Ferdinandheir to Austria-Hungary’s throne – assassinated in Sarajevo, Bosnia (in the Balkans) by a Serbian nationalist who didn’t like Austria’s ownership of territory where Slavic people lived • Austria declares war on Serbia. Russia had to honor its alliance with Serbia. • Alliance system kicks in, and soon everyone is at war. Nations enter with excitement; believe the war will be short.

  7. IV. Schlieffen Plan • Germany’s War Plan • Massive attack to quickly defeat France • Then focus on Russia in the East, which would take longer to get their troops to the front • The Reality: • Attacks bog down (Battle of the Marne) • Both sides build trenches and realize the war will not be short • Trench Warfare begins

  8. V. New Methods of Warfare: Total War & War of Attrition • Total War- all possible resources and people are geared toward war effort • New method of warfare based on new weapons & tactics • Colonies taken advantage of, for extraction of human/natural resources • War of Attrition- war fought not to gain capital but to exhaust resources of your opponent(s).

  9. New Technology of WWI • Poisonous gas (first used by Germans 1915) • Mustard gas was feared in the trenches (1.2 million casualties) • Airplanes • Used to survey regions, led to “dogfights” • Tanks (introduced by British 1915) • Machine guns

  10. Trench Life

  11. Looking at Propaganda • Study the following propaganda posters from World War I • Complete the questions about each propaganda piece on the worksheet you picked up at the beginning of class.

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