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Persuasive Texts

Persuasive Texts . And media Literacy. (1) Persuasive Texts. Convince readers of the accuracy of their point of view. . A Persuasive T ext C an S tructure and Support I ts A rguments I n M any W ays: .

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Persuasive Texts

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  1. Persuasive Texts And media Literacy

  2. (1) Persuasive Texts Convince readers of the accuracy of their point of view.

  3. A Persuasive Text Can Structure and Support Its Arguments In Many Ways: (1) Argument by Analogy- Assumes that if two things are alike in some ways, they’ll be alike in a specific way. Ex: A government, like a family, has a budget. Therefore, a government, like a family, should never spend more than it earns.

  4. (2) Argument by Authority- Supports a claim by referring to what experts, institutions, or important texts have said. Ex: Most historians agree with me that the presidency of Warren G. Harding was not terribly successful.

  5. (3) Argument by Cause and Effect- States that one thing is the direct result of another, different thing. Ex: Why am I so sore? I swam too much. “Post Hoc”- (Sounds like “Post Hoke”) “I ate at a new restaurant last night. That’s why I woke up with a stomach ache.”

  6. (4) Rhetorical Fallacy- Arguments that distract from the real issue. *it is a rare text that lacks a fallacy

  7. Types of Fallacies: (5) Ad Hominem- An attack on a person or people making a claim instead of addressing the claim itself. Ex: The superintendent’s wish to ban candy machines in school only shows how dumb she is.

  8. Types of Fallacies Continued… (6) Categorical Claim- A claim based on an incorrect comparison between two things. Ex: Students need candy for the same reason we need eight hours of sleep: to stay alert.

  9. Types of Fallacies Continued: (7) Exaggeration-An overstatement of a fact or an idea; often meant to frighten. Ex: Students who are not alert for every minute of the school day risk injury and death.

  10. Types of Fallacies Continued: (8) Stereotyping- Classifying a person or group in simple and often negative ways. Ex: The superintendent, just like all other adults, is totally out of touch with our needs.

  11. More Fallacies: Hasty Generalization- Making a generalization about a group based on a sample that is not big enough. “A man cut me off in traffic this morning. Men make poor drivers.”

  12. More Fallacies: Slippery Slope- Certain bad events will always follow a specific action, so the action should not be done in the first place. “If we allow students to chew gum at school, then the next thing we know, we’ll have to allow them to eat and drink in class.”

  13. More Fallacies Post Hoc (“Post Hoke”)- Assuming that since one event occurred before another event, the first event caused the second. “I wore my purple sweater to the game and we won. Therefore, I will always wear my purple sweater to games.”

  14. More Fallacies Bandwagon- Accepting an idea because most people accept the same idea. “All the good athletes wear Air Jordan shoes. I need those shoes if I’m going to play well!”

  15. Persuasive Texts Often Have: (9) Media Elements- Designed to sway an audience. Some elements appeal to your mind, others to your heart. Ex: Suppose an article claims that the long-term benefits of giving free preschool to everyone are far greater than its short-term costs. The article might support its claim with data (appeal to the intellect) or photos of happy preschoolers (appeal to the heart).

  16. FACTS VS. OPINIONS A FACT can be proved or disproved. “ It is 75 degrees outside.” “I was born in Houston, Texas.” An OPINION is based on a feeling or belief. “ It is a beautiful day outside.” “Mrs. Smith’s class is hard.”

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