The Industrial Revolution

1. The Industrial Revolution

2. 8.11 B Describe the positive and negative consequences of human modification of physical environment of the United States • 8.27A Explain the effects of technological and scientific innovations such as the steamboat, cotton gin and interchangeable parts • 8.27B Analyze the impact of transportation and communication systems on the growth, development, and urbanization of the United States

4. What is a revolution?(not in note packet)Turn to your shoulder partner, state what you think it is.

5. Revolution(not in note packet) • an overthrow or repudiation and the thorough replacement of an established government or political system by the people governed • a sudden, complete or marked change in something

6. Red/Black Text Book • Class will read pages 346-348

7. What was it?(not in note packet) • the change from an agricultural society to industrial because new factories in the northeast states

8. Industrial Revolution(not in note packet) • The Industrial Revolution started in the late 1760 in Britain and spread to the United States as an effect of the War of 1812.

9. STOP • Complete response in note packet. What was the Industrial Revolution?

10. Why did it begin the Northeast?Respond in NOTE PACKET! • New England had poor soil for farming • Northeast has many rivers = waterpower for factories • NE had port cities for shipping to other states and across the Atlantic • Subsistence farmers were willing to move to the cities ADD NUMBER FOR YOU YOUR NOTES

11. Respond in NOTE PACKET!The Industrial Revolution occurred because of… • FREE ENTERPRISE– people are free to buy, sell, own, and produce products as well as work wherever they choose • The government had few regulations to control the economy. • (Class discussion) What are regulations?

12. Class Activity-Not in Note Packet • On your white boards, each group write at least one regulation that you think is BAD either from either the 1800’s or present day. • As a team, write at least one regulation you think is GOOD in either present day or the 1800’s on your white boards.

13. (not in note packet) • The Industrial Revolution required the invention of new machines and technology– which isscientific discoveries that simplify work.

14. Shark Tank-Class Activity Not in note packet • You will now each get a sheet of paper to draw and explain in invention that you might have created back in the 1800’s or now having to do with machines/technology. • We need at least 2 volunteers to share their invention with the Sharks of Shark Tank.

15. Class Discussion Not in note packet Congress created patents to protect inventors’ new inventions from being copied. How would it be fair if the Sharks kept your invention without any compensation or without your permission?

16. Reference note packet! • Consider what America would be like if we didn’t have patents. Write 4 complete sentences on how you perceive the nation would be different without them?

18. Respond in NOTE PACKET! • Ultimately, the Industrial Revolution occurred as a combination of the following events: Use of steam power Rise of the factory system Mass production of goods Industrial Revolution

19. The Cotton Gin • Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin, which was a simple machine that quickly and efficiently removed seeds from cotton. Farm production increased dramatically.

20. Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, 1791Respond in NOTE PACKET! • Cotton became more profitable = an increase in the need for slave labor • Removed seeds from cotton

21. Not in note packet! • The Industrial Revolution began in the textile industry, but soon transferred to other industries. • Work shifted from homes to factories, where workers could be supervised and where water and steam power could be used to run machines

22. FactoriesRespond in note packet • Factory System – a system bringing manufacturing steps together under one roof or in one place. Most employees were women and children working LONG hours.

23. Activity (not notes) • Each team will be given a different color strip of paper and will start with one team and go in order to mass produce a chain, each doing a different part.

24. Francis Lowell- opened the Lowell factory in Massachusetts. Employed mostly young girls to work in difficult conditions for long hours and low wages. • These conditions had an impact on the child labor laws the U.S. has today. REPOND IN NOTES-Laws Necessary?

25. Lowell Mill

26. Irish Immigrant Girls at Lowell

27. 1836 First state child labor law Massachusetts requires children under 15 working in factories to attend school at least 3 months/year

28. New Development – Interchangeable Parts (note packet) • Interchangeable parts – identical machine parts that could be quickly put together to make a complete product

29. Note packet Importance of Interchangeable parts Allowed for mass production of a variety of goods so… prices were reduced

30. Note PacketEli Whitney & Interchangeable Parts Could build 10 different rifles from these pieces

31. Note Packet • textile industries -factories that produced clothing and cloth items from cotton; located in North

32. Early Textile Loom

33. New EnglandTextile Centers:1830s

34. The Cotton Gin’s Impact on SlaveryNote Packet • The demand for southern cotton grew dramatically because of the cotton gin and the increased number of textile mills in the north that needed cotton more northern textile mills = more southern slaves!

35. DELETE SLIDE IN NOTES • Delete in notes • “Farming During the Industrial Revolution”

36. Stop • America Story of Us • Division minute • 7-23 minutes

37. Note PacketFive Common Problems of Early Cities • Streets and sidewalks unpaved & animals roaming freely

38. 2. Pollution from factories

39. 3. No sewers

40. 4. Diseases easily spread due to poor sanitation

41. 5. Fires spread easily due to close quarters and few fire companies

43. Note PacketThe Census and Population • Census – officially counts the population of the U.S. every 10 years • The first census occurred in 1790 and the population of the United States was nearly 4 million

44. The 1790 Census

45. Note Packet-First Census • Most of the population lived east of the Appalachian Mountains and within a few hundred miles of the Atlantic coast • By 1820, the population reached 10 million with 2 million living west of the Appalachian Mountains

46. Thought Spot (respond in notes) • Look at the population maps from 1820 and 1860. • What were the U.S. largest cities in 1820? • What were the U.S. largest cities in 1860?

47. U.S. Population Centers in 1820

48. U.S. Population Centers in 1860

49. National Road, 1818-1838

50. TransportationIn Notes • Because the nation needed good inland roads for travel and for the shipment of goods, private companies built turnpikes or toll roads • Fees paid to use these roads were used for construction and upkeep of the roads “Pay to use the road!”