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Origins of Sociology

Origins of Sociology. Origins of Sociology. Sociology began in 1800’s (19 th Century) in Europe. Auguste Comte Father of Sociology (French) Wrote: Positive Philosophy Belief : Scientific observation to study behavior/society Positivism : base knowledge on truths

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Origins of Sociology

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  1. Origins of Sociology

  2. Origins of Sociology Sociology began in 1800’s (19th Century) in Europe • Auguste Comte • Father of Sociology (French) • Wrote: Positive Philosophy • Belief: Scientific observation to study behavior/society • Positivism: base knowledge on truths • Social Statics: study of social stability • Social Stability: study of social change

  3. Harriet Martineau • Pioneer Feminist (English) • Belief: emphasis on Sociology as a science • Translated Comte’s book into English • Herbert Spencer • Social Darwinism (English) • Belief: evolutionary social change leads to progress • Opposed social reform (interfered w/evolution) • Karl Marx • Founder of Communism (German) • Belief: conflict and social change work hand in hand

  4. Max Weber • Sociologist (German) • Belief: humans act based on personal understandings • in a situation • Verstehen: understanding social behavior by putting yourself in the place of others • Rationalization: use of knowledge and reason in a situation • Emile Durkheim • First to teach Sociology at university (French) • First to use statistics in Sociology • Belief: society exists based on agreement • among members of society • Mechanical Solidarity vs. Organic Solidarity

  5. Jane Addams • Woman Social Reformer (American) • Belief: problems of the poor caused by imbalance of • power among the social classes • W.E.B. DuBois • African American educator & social activist (American) • Focus: analyzed social structure of blacks and why • American belief was blacks are “inferior”

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