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Female Offenders

Female Offenders. Each group of special needs offenders has its unique problems. And there are unique challenges supervising them. Female Offender Problems. Female Offenders: Have problems common to male offenders Also have unique problems. Some Female Offender Problems. CBC and Parenting?.

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Female Offenders

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  1. Female Offenders

  2. Each group of special needs offenders has its unique problems. • And there are unique challenges supervising them.

  3. Female Offender Problems • Female Offenders: • Have problems common to male offenders • Also have unique problems

  4. Some Female Offender Problems

  5. CBC and Parenting? • CBCs promote constructive relationships between mothers and children. • Reduces next generation crime • New Trend: Similar approach with offender fathers and their children

  6. Lenient Sentencing Bias • Are FOs more likely than male offenders to receive lenient sentences?

  7. Basis For Bias • Less Serious Crimes • General Bias • Childcare Considerations • Welfare Costs • Concern For Future Criminality Of Children

  8. Women and Crime • Arrests • Women 22% (4% increase) • Men 78%

  9. Drug Use and Crime • Are women or men more likely to be under the influence of drugs when they commit crime?

  10. Gender and Crime • Are some crimes more common to women? • What are they?

  11. FO Arrests • For which offenses are women most often arrested?

  12. FOs Expanding Criminal Horizons • Are FOs branching out to other types of crimes?

  13. FOs and Violent Crime • From 1984 until 1997: • FO serious violent crime increased 86% • Male serious violent crime decreased 5.6%

  14. Violent Crime Incarceration • Is there a difference in incarceration rates for violent crime comparing men and women?

  15. FO Incarceration Generally • For what type offenses are women most commonly incarcerated?

  16. Incarceration Rates • The number of FOs in prison increased 81% from 1990 to 1999.

  17. FOs in the CJ System • Even with increased in female crime, FOs are: • 6% of prison population • 21% of probationers • 12% of parolees

  18. Disparate Opportunities • Have there been any differences in opportunities provided to female and male inmates, and probationers and parolees?

  19. Hot Trend in CJ • Female crime is increasing. • What impact will this have on the CJ system and CBC?

  20. Why Do FOs Commit Crime?

  21. FO Deficits • Few Marketable Job Skills • More Responsibilities and Demands Than Men

  22. Some FO Needs • Finances • Employment Skill Training • Child Care • Emotional Aspects of Child Care

  23. Dependent and Subservient Behavior • Many FOs are still learning dependent behavior patterns. • Many FOs assume subservient roles to males.

  24. Independence • FOs need __________ and ________ to be independent. • It might take courage to make your first skydive or give a speech to strangers.

  25. Community Based Programs for Female Offenders • Community based programs for FOs focus on: • Developing Economic Independence • Effective Parenting Skills • Survival Skills for Independent Living • Ref: MML pages 342-43

  26. Economic Assistance • Job Readiness Training • Vocational Training (now non-traditional) • Job Development and Placement • Follow-Up Services

  27. Effective Parenting Skills • Nurturing • Patience • Setting Limits • Supervision • Appropriate Punishment

  28. Survival Skills • Money Management • Locate and Use Community Resources • Administering Contractual Agreements • Car Purchase, Rent Apartment, Credit Card Rates

  29. FO TX Issues • Dependence • Lack of Self Trust (Competency) • Lack of Personal Responsibility

  30. FO TX Shortcomings • FO TX has traditionally been lacking due to: • TX programs place PT in passive role • Can subvert TX goals

  31. Interesting Quote • “Fallen women don’t need to be put back on a pedestal. They need to learn to stand on their own two feet.”

  32. The Greatest Obstacle to Female Offender Achievement • What is the greatest obstacle to FO achievement?

  33. Key Core Services for FOs • What are the key (core) services for FOs?

  34. Summary Comments • 1. While there has been a tendency to treat FOs more leniently, the less serious nature of female crime is a more significant determinant of CJ processing than gender.

  35. Summary Comments • 2. Most FOs must overcome disadvantages of social class and minority as well as gender in attempting to achieve self-sufficiency.

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