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Blind-enT: Making objects visible for blind people*

Blind-enT: Making objects visible for blind people*. Waldemar Bartyna ( speaker ) S. Ambroszkiewicz; M. Faderewski; S. Jakubowski; D. Kocieliński; D. Mikułowski; G. Terlikowski Institute of Computer Science, University of Podlasie, POLAND

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Blind-enT: Making objects visible for blind people*

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  1. Blind-enT: Making objects visible for blind people* Waldemar Bartyna (speaker) S. Ambroszkiewicz; M. Faderewski; S. Jakubowski; D. Kocieliński; D. Mikułowski; G. Terlikowski Institute of Computer Science, University of Podlasie, POLAND *)The work was partially supported by a grant from the British Council

  2. The goal of our project • a blind person can perceive visual attributes of objects, e.g., door, pillar, ditch, elevator, passage, room, hall, etc., • having only a mobile cellular phone in his/her hand, e.g., Nokia 6600. • can familiarize environment (e.g., building, street, town) by getting to know a cognitive map • can be given a short and safe path on the map • Guidance along this path

  3. What is needed? • mobile phone alone (even as smart as Nokia 6600) is not enough • special infrastructure is needed to provide information about objects and environment to the mobile • the information is processed and delivered to the blind user as voice • mobile is a computer connected (via GPRS, Bluetooth, and infrared) to other computers and devices

  4. Internet complex object Blue- server R-server Bluetooth elementary object GPRS IrDA mobile System architecture

  5. The basic idea • unlike the famous „Talking Signs”, the object description as well as a map of complex object is not in a voice format • it is a special data structure expressed in terms of generic attributes and types • it can be processed automatically • only the result of such processing is delivered to a blind user as voice • THE IDEA: generic object attributes and types

  6. Attributes and types • object is of some type, and has some attributes • type and attributes are specified in uniform and digital form • once the object is identified, they can be delivered to the mobile • how to get object’s identifier? • via infrared or/and Bluetooth transceivers embedded into the objects

  7. Object description • Object’s identifier and short textual info • Type name • List of attribute names and their values. • Object position: X, Y, and Z coordinates • List of identifiers of superior objects • List of identifiers of sub objects • List of neighbours. A neighbour consists of an identifier, the azimuth along with the distance from the object to this neighbour, as well as a short textual info.

  8. wall Elementarny Objects Neighbours: straight safe and direct path between objects exit2 exit1 azimuth and distance to neighbor

  9. Railway station hall and platform1 are neighbors hall platform1 … … ticket office lamp post track exit3 exit2 exit1 Object oriented maps:complex objects

  10. Object hierarchy • Object hierarchy: super and sub objects • Object oriented map: hierarchical collection of object descriptions • the root object (e.g., a complex object: town or large building), • its sub-objects, sub-sub-objects, and so on up to the elementary objects. • Map can be represented as a tree • Restriction of the tree to a branch of length n can be viewed as the scale n of this map

  11. Virtual tours • having object oriented map, blind user can familiarize the surrounding area • the mobile can display descriptions of neighbour objects, superior object, and sub objects • this is delivered to blind user as voice • the blind user can navigate between the objects on the map acquiring knowledge about them

  12. XML data structures • data structure for representing object attributes, types, identifiers, and descriptions are specified in XML Schema • attribute, type, object identifier and description are instances of the corresponding schema • these schemas are available from the project web site

  13. building1 building2 street1 street2 … … Railway station The algorithm of hierarchical routing • Graph of the neighbourhood of the immediate sub-objects of town

  14. … 2-nd floor stairs2 1-st floor stairs1 ground floor The algorithm of hierarchical routing • Graph of the neighborhood of the immediate sub-objects of a building

  15. Prototype implementation • object oriented maps constructed • the maps served for testing the routing algorithm and virtual tours by blind and sighted users • elementary objects were simulated by the second mobile phone (Nokia 6600). • Blue-server was implemented on this very notebook

  16. Prototype implementation • R-server implemented on a PC-workstation: ii4.ap.siedlce.pl • Bluetooth, infrared and GPRS connectivity has been verified • the application (for blind user) on the mobile phone (Nokia 6600) implemented in C++ directly on the Symbian OS

  17. Prototype implementation experiments proved our claim: mobile phone is enough for making objects visible for blind people

  18. Conclusions • THE PROBLEM: short range of infrared connectivity (up to 6 meters) and Bluetooth connectivity (up to 10 meters). • Once this problem is solved (by a manufacturer) the system can be applied in the real environment. • Prototype implementation is ready for demonstration after the session. • Visit our web site, http://ii4.ap.siedlce.pl

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