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The summit of empire

The summit of empire. Bell Work: What was the providing theme as to how the colonies were governed by the British in the pre-Revolutionary period?. Adam Smith. Merchantilism Favorable balance of trade: export more than you import. Navigation Act- beginnings 1660

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The summit of empire

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  1. The summit of empire Bell Work: What was the providing theme as to how the colonies were governed by the British in the pre-Revolutionary period?

  2. Adam Smith • Merchantilism • Favorable balance of trade: export more than you import. • Navigation Act- beginnings 1660 • 1.No ship could trade in the colonies unless it was constructed in America/Britain and had a crew of 75% English • 2.certain enumerated goods (tobacco, sugar, cotton, indigo, dyewoods, ginger… later rice, molasses, rosins, tars and turpentines) could be transported to colonial or English ports.

  3. Mercantilism Export more than Import • Self-Regulation: 1607-1660 • Regulation: 1660-1720 • Self-Regulation: 1720-1763 • Regulation: 1763-1775 Items were rigorously enforced.

  4. Tyranny Anticipated Perception of Tyranny or actual Tyranny?

  5. Formation of Empire • Navigation Act : 1660 • Staple Act : 1663 Nothing could be imported to America unless transshipped through England. Increased colonial costs • Customs Officials Protested in the South, largely ignored in New England

  6. Mature empire 1695-1720navigation act of 1696Board of tradevice admiralty courts

  7. Navigation Acts • Overall the Navigation Acts were reformed… • Vice-Admiralty Courts created- monitor trade disputes • Eventually helped to create some sort of colonial/British unity

  8. Seeds of Rebellion • Nathaniel Bacon vs. William Berkeley • Series of attacks by native groups against Jamestown • Bacon attacked tribes (peaceful) • Then burned Jamestown down • Plants the idea of rebellion against government.

  9. King Philip’s War • Native named Metacomet declares war against New Englanders • Unites tribes against the colonists • Metacomet loses the war and natives are repelled further West.

  10. Jacob Leisler • Glorious Revolution- challenge the ruling elite • In New York- raised a militia to attack • Rules for two years before being executed by a royal governor

  11. Salutary Neglect Sir Robert Walpole

  12. Dominion of New England1684 • Restructuring of New England colonies into a Dominion • Sir Edmond Andros- tyrant that removed democratic institutions • Glorious Revolution- colonists overthrow Andros

  13. Colonial Governments Men in Middle

  14. Massachusetts New York • Thomas Hutchinson No middle ground- both wanted their own sovereignty (royal and colonial) • Lord Cornbury Degenerate governor- cross dresser who ripped off the New York treasury.

  15. Contest for Empire • King William’s War: 1689-97 Raids in Northern Colonies • Queen Anne’s War: 1702-19 War fought to maintain a balance of power • King George’s War: 1740-48 French attempts at circling the English (Western settlements) • Seven Years War: 1756-63 British victory but ignored colonial interests

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