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Biology AHSGE

Biology AHSGE. Standard IX- Five and Six Kingdom Classifications (2 questions). Five and Six Kingdom Classification. CONTENT STANDARD 9. Differentiate between the previous five-kingdom and current six-kingdom classification systems. ELIGIBLE CONTENT

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Biology AHSGE

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  1. Biology AHSGE Standard IX- Five and Six Kingdom Classifications (2 questions)

  2. Five and Six Kingdom Classification CONTENT STANDARD 9. Differentiate between the previous five-kingdom and current six-kingdom classification systems. ELIGIBLE CONTENT A. Identify and define similarities and differences between the five-kingdom and six-kingdom classification systems.

  3. 5 Kingdom Classification Domain Bacteria • Kingdom Monera- Unicellular and prokaryotic Domain Eukarya • Kingdom Protista- Unicellular/multicellular and eukaryotic • Kingdom Fungi- Unicellular/Multicellular, eukaryotic and decomposers • Kingdom Plantae- Multicellular, eukaryotic and autotrophic • Kingdom Animalia- Multicellular, eukaryotic and heterotrophic

  4. 6 Kingdom Classification Domain Bacteria • Kingdom Eubacteria- Unicellular and prokaryotic with peptidoglycan Domain Archaea 2. Kingdom Archaea- Unicellular and prokaryotic without peptidoglycan Domain Eukarya • Kingdom Protista- Unicellular/multicellular and eukaryotic • Kingdom Fungi- Unicellular/Multicellular, eukaryotic and decomposers • Kingdom Plantae- Multicellular, eukaryotic and autotrophic • Kingdom Animalia- Multicellular, eukaryotic and heterotrophic

  5. KINGDOM MONERA (EUBACTERIA AND ARCHAEA) • Members: Bacteria and blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) • Unicellular • Prokaryotic (No nucleus or membrane-bound organelles) • Autotrophic or heterotrophic • Anaerobic or aerobic • Anaerobic- Do not require oxygen • Obligate- Oxygen is poisonous • Facultative- Can withstand small amounts of oxygen • Aerobic- Require oxygen

  6. Bacteria • Exist in three shapes: • Bacilli- Rod shaped • Cocci- Round shaped • Spirilla- Spiral shaped

  7. Domain Bacteria- Kingdom Eubacteria • Prokaryotes whose cell walls contain peptidoglycan (polymer of two kinds of sugars) • Mostly heterotrophic • Some aerobes, some anaerobes • Examples: Blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) and Staphylococcus • Many bacteria in your body

  8. Domain and Kingdom Archaea • Archaebacteria- Prokaryotes whose cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan • More ancient than true bacteria • Mostly heterotrophic • Extremophiles- Live in extreme environments • Thermophiles- Live in extreme temperatures • Halophiles- Live in extremely saline environments • Methanogens- Obligate anaerobe; use CO2 in respiration and produce methane

  9. Kingdom Protista • Eukaryotic • Unicellular or multicellular • Many colonial- Live together in groups • Can not form organs • Do not fit in other kingdoms; left-over or catch-all kingdom

  10. Kingdom Protista 1. Algae- Plant-like protists • Perform photosynthesis • Example: kelp and plankton 2. Protozoans- Animal-like protists • Examples: Amoeba or paramecium

  11. Kingdom Protista 3. Fungus-like protists • Examples: Slime molds and mildew 4. Euglenoids- Plant and animal-like • Have chloroplasts and can perform photosynthesis • Example: Euglena

  12. Kingdom Fungi • Unicellular or multicellular; eukaryotic • Heterotrophic • Lack motility (movement) • Cell walls composed of chitin (rigid polymer that provides structural support) • Hyphae- Thread-like filaments fungi are made of • Growth, feeding and reproduction • Mushrooms, yeast, mold, lichens

  13. Kingdom Fungi • Parasites- Grow and feed on other organisms • Decomposer- Breaks down dead materials to absorb nutrients • Saprobe- Gets nourishment from dead/decaying material

  14. Kingdom Fungi • Lichen- Fungi that live in a mutualistic relationship with algae • Fungus feeds off algae • Algae lives on hyphae

  15. Kingdom Plantae • Most autotrophic- contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis • Multicellular; eukaryotic • Cell walls composed of cellulose • Cells form tissues and some organs: roots, stems, and leaves • Basis of all terrestrial (land) habitats • Lack motility

  16. Kingdom Animalia • Heterotrophic • Mutlicellular; eukaryotic • No cell walls • Cells organize into tissues and then into organs • Organs often organize into organ systems • Live in water, on land and in air • Most motile (able to move); some lack motility as adults

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