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Psychology Background

Psychology Background. In Class Notes . Psychology Research . Theory: Attempts to explain why things are the way they are AND happen the way that they do. Principle: Rule or Law. Example: Better grades = Study Psychology more . History of Psychology - pg. 1 .

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Psychology Background

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  1. Psychology Background

    In Class Notes
  2. Psychology Research Theory:Attempts to explain why things are the way they are AND happen the way that they do. Principle:Rule or Law. Example: Better grades = Study Psychology more
  3. History of Psychology - pg. 1 Ancient Greece(2,000 years ago) Greeks Ideas and Ways of Life: Confusion, Bazaar, madness were all traits of a person who the Gods were punishing because they did some type of wrongdoing. Socrates: We will know ourselves if we examine our thoughts and feelings Introspection = “Looking within” Plato: “Know Thyself”
  4. History of Psychology – pg.2 Aristotle: “Human behavior, like the stars and the sea, is subject to certain rules and laws.” Association = People are motivated to seek pleasure and avoid pain. Hippocrates: (460 – 377 b.c.) Problems were caused by abnormalities in the brain. Abnormalities that can change our thoughts, feelings and behaviors.
  5. History of Psychology – pg. 3 The Middle Ages Ideas and Ways of Life: Agitation and Confusion were signs of demons. Possession was punishment for sins or deals made with the devil. “Water-Float Test” If suspected of possession, they threw you into the water. If you tried to keep your head up, that showed that you had demons, if you sank to the bottom, you were not filled with demons. (but likely drowned) Pure metals sink to the bottom during the smelting process and impure metals float.
  6. Modern Psychology (1500s, 1600s, 1700s) Modern Science: Nicolas Copernicus *Disproved that the Sun revolved around the Earth and state Sir Isaac Newton Gravity and Motion John Locke Knowledge is not born, but instead learned from experiences.
  7. USED to be FACT: Ephedrine could cure the following: 1.) Common Cold 9.) Clear Sinuses 2.) Asthma 10.) Perception 3.) Lower blood pressure 4.) Give energy 5.) Alertness 6.) Weight Loss 7.) Treat Fever 8.) Arthritis
  8. Types of Psychologists: (Use Graphic Organizer) Clinical Psychologists: Largest group Help with anxiety, depression, schizophrenia Relationships, drug abuse, weight control Hospitals, Prisons, University Clinics and Private Practices NOT Psychiatrists!! Can NOT prescribe medicine!
  9. Types of Psychologists Counseling Psychologists: Interviews and tests to identify clients problems Typically treat people with adjustment problems, not severe psychological disorders EXAMPLES: Career choices, conflict with families, teachers, employers, life goals, etc. School Psychologists: Problems that interfere with learning. Family problems or learning disorders Intelligent tests Recommend placement for classes
  10. Types of Psychologists Educational Psychologists: Course planning for entire school district Not Individualized plan Deals with motivation, creativity, emotions, beliefs, economic factors and incomes Wants to improve ways of learning and see what impacts learning Developmental Psychologists: Changes that occur during one’s life span Height, weight, growth, sexual maturity Emotional – Self esteem, body image Cognitive – Thinking of ones self Social – Parent/child bond, etc.
  11. Types of Psychologists Personality Psychologists: Study a persons traits Anxiety and Depression Social Psychologists: Behavior in situations Why people are attracted to one another The way men and women act in school settings
  12. Types of Psychologists Experimental Psychologists: Basic research to help people learn about memory, behavior and ways of thinking. Industrial Psychologists: Employed by businesses. Environmental Psychologists: How people are influenced by their environment. Consumer Psychologists: Behaviors of shoppers to explain or predict their behaviors.
  13. Types of Psychologists Forensic Psychologists: Works with the criminal justice system. Testifies for the defendant whether they are competent or not. Plead Insanity = They are the people who decide that or not. Health Psychologists: EXAMPLE: Stress Explain why some people follow the doctor’s orders, and others do not.
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