Video Production

1. Video Production By Josh Gallagan

2. Video Production • Professional video production, or videography, is the art and service of videotaping, editing, and distributing a finished video product. This can include television production, commercial video production, and corporate and event videos.

3. Types of Media • DVD = "Digital Video Disc" is an optical disc storage media format. Its main uses are video and data storage. DVDs are of the same dimensions as compact discs (CDs) but store more than six times as much data. • DVD +R/-R Storage Capacity • 4.7 GB (single-sided single-layer) • 8.54 GB (single-sided double-layer) • 17.08 GB (double-sided double-layer - rare) 2. Mini DV • MiniDV "S" cassettes, 65 × 48 × 12 mm and hold either 60 or 90 minutes of video (13 or 19.5 GB ) depending on whether the video is recorded at Standard Play (SP) or Extended Play (sometimes called Long Play) (EP/LP). • 80 minute tapes that use thinner tape are also available and can record 120 minutes of video in EP/LP mode. • The tapes sell for as little as US$2.50 each in quantity as of 2009

4. Resolution Interlaced vs Progressive 1. Interlaced • Reads odd lines first then even lines (1,3,5 , 2,4,6). • Can produce choppy picture 2. Progressive • Reads lines in order (1,2,3,4,5,6) • Produces a better more smooth picture

5. Resolution 480 vs 576 vs 720 vs 1080 • 480 is most common video resolution = EDTV Enhanced Definition • 576 = SDTV Standard Definition • 720 is High Definition. More manageable HD filesize than 1080. • 1080 is full HD. Most video does not have the ability to broadcast in 1080 yet, plus it is expensive and takes a lot of hard drive space.

6. Connections • Firewire 400 or IEEE 1394 interface (4pin or 6pin, transfers upto 400mbp/s)

7. Connections • Firewire 800 or 9pin = transfers upto 800 mbp/s

8. Connections • USB = Universal Serial Bus – transfers upto 60 MBP/S

9. Connections • Esata = Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (transfers upto 3-6 gbp/s)

10. Connections • Composite or RCA = picture signal only, not data transfer • Video is yellow, audio is red and white.

11. Connections • S-Video = Separate Video (can carry a 480 or 576 analog resolution picture)

12. Connections • BNC = Bayonet Neill-Concelman

13. Color Encoding Systems • Color Encoding Systems - PAL vs SECAM vs NTSC

14. Color Encoding Systems - PAL vs SECAM vs NTSC • PAL, short for Phase Alternating Line, is a color-encoding system used in broadcast television systems in large parts of the world.

15. Color Encoding Systems - PAL vs SECAM vs NTSC • SECAM, also written SÉCAM (Séquentiel couleur à mémoire, French for "Sequential Color with Memory"), is an analog color television system first used in France. A team led by Henri de France working at Compagnie Française de Télévision (later bought by Thomson) invented SECAM. It is, historically, the first European color television standard. • SECAM, also written SÉCAM (Séquentiel couleur à mémoire, French for "Sequential Color with Memory"), is an analog color television system first used in France. A team led by Henri de France working at Compagnie Française de Télévision (later bought by Thomson) invented SECAM. It is, historically, the first European color television standard.

16. Color Encoding Systems - PAL vs SECAM vs NTSC • NTSC (National Television System Committee) is the analog television system used in most of the Americas, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Burma, and some Pacific island nations and territories (see map). NTSC is also the name of the U.S. standardization body that adopted the NTSC broadcast standard. The first black-and-white NTSC standard for broadcast was developed in 1941 and had no provision for color transmissions. • The ATSC (Advanced Television Systems Committee) documents a digital television format that will replace the analog NTSC television system on June 12, 2009 in the United States, August 31, 2011 in Canada and December 31, 2021 in Mexico. It was developed by the Advanced Television Systems Committee.

17. Steps to a Successful Video • Identify the equipment/software you will use. • Camera – Handheld, Prosumer, Professional • Tape – Mini DV, HD, SD, DVD-R or external capture. • Editing Suite – MM, Premiere, Final Cut Pro, Vegas, Etc. • Connections – Firewire IEEE 1394 interface (4pin or 6pin, 400-800mbp/s), USB, esata (2gbp/s), composite or RCA, S-Video • Lights, Greenscreen (chroma-key) • Storyboard your production. • Film your footage. • Capture your footage onto the computer you will be editing with. • Edit your video • Export video • Duplicate for distribution • Develop packaging • Distribute

18. Storyboard and Planning Document

19. Basics of Lighting • http://videoproductiontips.com/video-production-tips/lighting-for-video-lesson-one/

20. 3 Point Lighting • Key Light – set at 45 degree angle to the front of the subject • Fill Light – set at 45 degree angle opposite of the key light. Needs to be less intense than key light(less wattage or farther away). (helps with shadows) • Backlight – Makes them pop out of the background. Should shine down on subject creating light on shoulders and head but less intense than key light. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AcMX1RcNRYA

21. Camera Angles and Shots • http://www.mediaknowall.com/camangles.html

22. Chroma Key • Chromakey = Green Screen • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f7uWuLntyo8&feature=related