Architecture for Climate Monitoring from Space in the context of WIGOS and GFCS

1. Architecture for Climate Monitoring from Space in the context of WIGOS and GFCS Jérôme Lafeuille & Stephan Bojinski WMO Space Programme WIGOS-ICG 18/03/2013

2. Resolution 19 (Cg-XVI) on the development of an architecture for climate monitoring from space • Decides that an architecture be developed (… ) to provide a framework for the sustained and coordinated monitoring of the Earth’s climate from space • Decides further thatthe development be undertaken as a major initiative of the WMO Space Programme, as an important component of WIGOS, with the support of relevant technical commissions, and in coordination with satellite operators, CEOS, CGMS, GCOS, GEO and WCRP. WIGOS-ICG 18/03/2013

3. Architecture for Climate Monitoring from Spacein the WIGOS Implementation Plan (1/2) • As a collaboration framework with CEOS, CGMS, GCOS &WCRP under Key Activity Area # 2 « Collaboration with WMO and other co-sponsored observing systems » • Action 2.1.2 : Collaboration framework to develop the Architecture for Climate Monitoring from Space • To set up a badgeless ad-hoc working team (Done) • To develop a strategy document (Done) • To define governance procedures and an appropriate body to implement these procedures (being discussed with CEOS & CGMS) WIGOS-ICG 18/03/2013

4. Architecture for Climate Monitoring from Spacein the WIGOS Implementation Plan (2/2) • As the design of a space-based observing capability and related ground-segment activities, under Key Activity Area #3 « Design, Planning and Evolution » • Proposed Action 3.1.2: To develop the Architecture for Climate Monitoring from Space focusing on GFCS priorities • To develop a logical model of the architecture (Done) • Perform inventory of ECV related products and climate records (Done) • Evaluate outcome of inventory with reference to logical model • Evaluate potential contributions of CGMS baseline missions and CEOS constellations • Deliver version 0 of physical planning, including capabilities, processes, gaps and deficiencies in the end-to-end chain • Action plan to fill the gaps.. • Submission to EC-66, and subsequent iterations WIGOS-ICG 18/03/2013

5. Strategy towards an Architecture for Climate Monitoring from Space CEOS, CGMS, WMO Architecture for Climate Monitoring from Space • A joint initiative of CEOS, CGMS and WMO • Architecture for climate monitoring from space is a foundation for the GFCS Observation and Monitoring • Strategy document available on line • A printed version is being prepared by NOAA and ESA WIGOS-ICG 18/03/2013

6. Architecture Pillars And logical representation of data flows and dependencies Traceable to GCOS Guidelines and GCOS Climate Monitoring Principles WIGOS-ICG 18/03/2013

7. ECVs Seasonal outlook Attribution of events Climate indices … The “Logical View” Instrument level Observation level Product level Service level WIGOS-ICG 18/03/2013

8. The “Logical View” (populated with a CDR) Aerosol: Regular products (no CDRs) Aerosol: GOES imager SEVIRI MTSAT MODIS MISR Calipso AVHRR VIRR GOME AIRS PARASOL (A)ATSR MERIS … Aerosol: Expected number of additional cases with respiratory problems Aerosol: MACC: Air pollultion monitoring … Aerosol CDRs: NCDC ESA CCI Aerosol: Lower uncertainty in GCMs used in IPCC Aerosol: Global AOD map Estimate of direct/indirect radiative forcing due to aerosols … WIGOS-ICG 18/03/2013

9. End-to-end Architecture Requirements • Service requirements related to e.g. Agriculture & Food Security, Water, Health, DRR applications (4 GFCS priority areas) ……need translation into product / observation / instrument requirements: Service level CEOS data levels Level 2/3Level 1/2Level 0; Instr design Climate Product Observation (ECV) Instrument data WIGOS-ICG 18/03/2013

10. Requirement translation process The WIGOS RRR addresses well the « observation requirements » for geophysical variables but… …no systematic process in place for service-level requirements (e.g., “length of dry spell”, “number of days with PM10 exposure above 50 μg/m3”)? Can current geophysical variable-based approach capture socio-economic data (e.g., population density; crop yield; value of infrastructure)? Service level Product level WIGOS-ICG 18/03/2013

11. Outcome of CGMS-40 WG III on architecture CGMS should evaluate the CGMS baseline in the light of the architecture strategy and its logical view Relevant assets will populate space segment part of the physical architecture as « Potential capabilities to support ECV products” Identify gaps from the space segment end- and scenarios to address them WIGOS-ICG 18/03/2013

12. Gap analyses from both ends Space Segment Analysis GAPS ? Potential to support ECV production CEOS-CGMS-WMO ECV Inventory Actual ECV production and Climate Records Building on OSCAR/space, CEOS/MIM, GCOS Sat Sup, WMO ECV Gap Analysis, etc WIGOS-ICG 18/03/2013

13. Example: OSCAR timeline of instruments potentiallycontributing to CO2 measurements WIGOS-ICG 18/03/2013

14. Conclusions • GFCS partnership should be used to help • Collect climate service requirements and translate these into product/observation requirements • Some observation requirements go beyond the GCOS ECVs (e.g., phenology; socio-economic) • The Architecture is an end-to-end approach going beyond the observation function • Currently analyzed from the « product » end • Space-based observation capabilities should also be evaluated from the « sensor » end • Unique role of WMO should be clarified in the future governance scheme WIGOS-ICG 18/03/2013