Prefix, Root, and Suffix Spelling Lesson

1. Prefix, Root, and Suffix Spelling Lesson LC 1.7 Initial Instruction

2. Sources • Rule excerpts: • http://server.riverdale.k12.or.us/~bblack/spelrul.htm • Prefix word lists: • http://www.spelling.hemscott.net/prefix1.html • Suffix word lists: • http://www.spelling.hemscott.net/suffix1.html • http://www.spelling.hemscott.net/suffix2.html

3. Prefix Rule • When adding a prefix, don’t change the spelling of the word. • Note: The most common misspelled word is misspell. Remember: mis is the prefix and spell is the base word; there are two s’s!

4. Prefixes • anti- • antibiotic  • auto- • autobiography • dis- • disconnect

5. Prefixes • in- • insane • il- • illogical • im- • improbable • ir- • irregular

6. Prefixes • inter- • international  • mis- • misspell • post- • postscript 

7. Prefixes • pre- • prehistoric • pro- • propose  • re- • reconsider • sub- • substandard

8. Prefixes • super- • supervisor • trans- • transport • un- • unfinished

9. Suffix Rule #1 • When adding the suffix -ness or -ly, don’t change the spelling of the word. • Exception: For most words that end in y, change the y to i before ness or ly. • happily • friendliness

10. add the suffix -ness or -ly • brave + -ly • bravely • frank + -ly • frankly • dark + -ness • darkness • happy + ness • happiness

11. Suffix Rule #2 • For words ending in a consonant plus y, change the y to i before any suffix that does not begin with i. • cried • prettier

12. ends in a consonant plus y • plenty + -ful • plentiful • happy + -ly • happily • friendly + -ness • friendliness

13. Suffix Rule #3 • Double the final consonant before adding ing, ed, er, or est to a one-syllable word that ends in a single vowel followed by a single consonant. • begging • batted

14. add -ing, -ed, -er, or -est • fire + -ing • firing • sit + -ing • sitting • farm + -er • farmer • collect + -or • collector • hide + -en • hidden

15. Suffix Rule #4 • Drop the final silent e before a suffix beginning with a vowel. • causing • reversible

16. suffix beginning with a vowel • mistake + -en • mistaken • fool + -ish • foolish • self + -ish • selfish • limit + -ation • limitation • reserve + -ation • reservation

17. Suffix Rule #5 • Keep the final silent e before a suffix beginning with a consonant. • hopeless • agreement

18. suffix beginning with a consonant • use + -less • useless • taste + less • tasteless • hope + -ful • hopeful • move + -ment • movement • agree + -ment • agreement

19. Now, you try a few! • hope + -less • hopeless • note + -able • notable • state + -ment • statement

20. Try a few more! • calculate + -ation • calculation • spite + -ful • spiteful • reserve + -ation • reservation

21. And more! • late + -ly AND + -est • lately , latest • extreme + -ly • extremely • expense + -ive • expensive

22. OK, just a few more! • excite + -ing • exciting • arrive + -al • arrival • blame + -less • blameless

23. Almost last one! • spice + -y • spicy • waste + -ful • wasteful • care + -ing • caring

24. OK, here’s the last practice! • place + -ed AND + -ment • placed, placement • Swede + -ish • Swedish • create + -ion • creation