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S A M U R A I

S A M U R A I. Samurai. By 200 A.D., rice had been grown on most islands east of Asian continent. Farming caused people to establish permanent settlements. People living in these settlements began to raid and pillage the neighboring settlements. With the possession of land had come war.

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S A M U R A I

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  1. S A M U R A I

  2. Samurai • By 200 A.D., rice had been grown on most islands east of Asian continent. • Farming caused people to establish permanent settlements. • People living in these settlements began to raid and pillage the neighboring settlements.

  3. With the possession of land had come war. • Growth of farming caused less people to be hunters. • What happened to the people that were more suited to hunting and fighting? They became fighting specialists…warriors.

  4. The warriors became the leaders of their clans. As time went on, the larger clans conquered the smaller ones. • The dominant clan that emerged was known as the Yamato Clan. • The clans from Northern Kyushu and Southern Honshu all consolidated under Yamato Rule.

  5. The independent clans that united under Yamato rule were not conquered. They united under Yamato rule by their own choice. • The Yamato culturally united most of early Japanese society. • How do we know that most of Japan was culturally united?

  6. Archeological digs show us that the style of burial of dead from this period are similar throughout Japan. • The mound tombs are very widespread geographically. • This shows power and influence over the lower classes. • The Yamato regularly invaded the Korean Peninsula.

  7. The invasions enabled the Yamato to gain control over Mimana (The tip of the Korean Peninsula). • Mimana was the Yamato base for all raids on Korea during the 4th century.

  8. The 400’s A.D. • The Yamato were invading. • The Koreans learned to fight from horseback. • It takes two hands to use a bow and arrow. How can you hold onto the horse if you need 2 hands to fight?

  9. Stirrups were invented in China during the 100’s. • Stirrups and the saddle offered stability on your steed, and enabled mounted soldiers to have more speed. These soldiers could surprise and devastate more men.

  10. Political influences of the Yamato • An alliance was formed between the Yamato and the Paikche (Koreans). • The common enemy of the Yamato and the Paikche were the Silla. • The allies traded knowledge and tactics.

  11. The Yamato learned about Buddhism and scribes. • The Yamato and the Paikche began to make weapons and things very well. They began to give weapons to the Paikche.

  12. Internal Problems • The person in charge was known as the Great Lord. • Ruling power was passed down by blood lines. • No one really ever knew who would rule next? Why was there confusion over who would rule? The Great Lord always had a lot of women. This meant that there were a lot of possible heirs to the throne.

  13. Outside clans always tried to get their women married into power hoping that an in-law would become the Great Lord. • Murder was comitted and wars were waged by clans trying to get their people in power. • In 562 A.D. War in Korea forced the Yamato out of Mimana. Arrows were the weapon of choice. Swords were used only after arrows were depleted.

  14. The Silla Succeed • The Silla allied themselves with the Tang Dynasty in China. • The Silla defeated the Yamato and the Paikche very badly. • The Chinese brought new weapons such as the crossbow into the war.

  15. The Yamato retreated in order to try to defend themselves. • The Great Lord died and the heirs to his throne began to fight. In the end, Temmu won. • Temmu became known as the first “Heavenly Warrior Emperor”.

  16. Temmu • He believed in a strong military. • All warriors had to serve for 3 years as a border guard. • Temmu is known to have said: “In a government, military matters are the essential thing.” -Temmu

  17. Kanto Plain • This area is in central Honshu. • There were many battles with warriors native to the plains and barbarians called “Emishi”. • Kanto warriors became known as the toughest in Japan. • Border guards began to move to Kanto after their 3 year service was up. • Kanto warriors began to move north in order to conquer the clans up there.

  18. The end of the 8th Century • As the 8th century ends, Japanese warriors in Northern Honshu fit the description of the samurai as we think of them today. • These warriors had leather armor, curved swords, and were well trained. • The curved sword was taken from the Emishi. A curved blade was better for a slicing cut. • Samurai means “Those who serve”. • This is how samurai came into existence.

  19. How did Japan become known as Japan? • The Yamato began to call their islands “Nippon”. This means source of the sun. Japan is now also known as “The Land of the Rising Sun”. • The Tang Chinese pronounced “Nippon” as “Jihpen”. • Marco Polo brought this pronunciation back to Europe in the 13th century. • Please note the red circle that represents the sun on their flag.

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