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Diagnostic Laboratory Procedures

Diagnostic Laboratory Procedures. Microscope Use. Objective lenses 4x, 10x, and 40x Oil-immersion is used occasionally A mechanical stage is necessary to view slides thoroughly. Microscope Use. Viewing area = field. Microscope Use. To scan a slide use 4x to focus, then move to 10x

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Diagnostic Laboratory Procedures

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  1. Diagnostic Laboratory Procedures

  2. Microscope Use • Objective lenses 4x, 10x, and 40x • Oil-immersion is used occasionally • A mechanical stage is necessary to view slides thoroughly

  3. Microscope Use • Viewing area = field

  4. Microscope Use • To scan a slide use 4x to focus, then move to 10x • Scan back and forth overlapping each field

  5. Microscope Use Scanning pattern

  6. Microscope Use • Debris can be closely examined under high power

  7. Sample Collection • The animal owner will most often collect the stool sample.

  8. Sample Collection • The sample should be fresh since some parasite eggs become unrecognizable as the feces ages.

  9. Sample Collection • If a fresh sample cannot be obtained, one can be refrigerated, but for no longer than 24 hours.

  10. Methods • Gross exam - used to observe outward characteristics of the sample.

  11. Methods • Gross exam - Several abnormalities can be seen with the naked eye.

  12. Methods • Gross exam - observe and record • color and consistency • blood and mucus • age of sample • presence of adult parasites

  13. Methods 2. Direct smear - the fastest and simplest method of diagnosing parasitism.

  14. Methods 2. Direct smear - A small amount of feces is mixed with water and applied directly to a slide.

  15. Methods 2. Direct smear - The main disadvantage of this technique is that a small sample may not contain any parasite eggs.

  16. Methods 2. Direct smear - This method also leaves debris on the slide.

  17. Methods 3. Floatation - the most commonly used procedure for diagnosing parasitism.

  18. Methods 3. Floatation - techniques using this method: - simple floatation - use of a centrifuge - Fecalyzer

  19. Methods 3. Floatation Fecalyzer - uses a solution (zinc sulfate or sodium nitrate) that has a specific gravity greater than the specific gravityof most parasite eggs

  20. Methods 4. Sedimentation - is commonly used for eggs that have a high specific gravity

  21. Methods 4. Sedimentation - The high specific gravity of these eggs makes it difficult to use floatation techniques without distorting them.

  22. Methods 4. Sedimentation - Sedimentation allows eggs to sink to the bottom.

  23. Debris • may be easily confused with parasite eggs.

  24. Common Debris: • fat • epithelial cells • pollen grains • hair • plant material • air bubbles

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