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What is fuel poverty and who suffers from it? Energy Action, Dublin, 7.2.2011 Brenda Boardman Emeritus Fellow ECI Univ

What is fuel poverty and who suffers from it? Energy Action, Dublin, 7.2.2011 Brenda Boardman Emeritus Fellow ECI University of Oxford. Income + housing. Low income. High income. Energy inefficient housing. Energy efficient housing. Affordable warmth. }. {.

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What is fuel poverty and who suffers from it? Energy Action, Dublin, 7.2.2011 Brenda Boardman Emeritus Fellow ECI Univ

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  1. What is fuel poverty and who suffers from it? Energy Action, Dublin, 7.2.2011 Brenda Boardman Emeritus Fellow ECI University of Oxford

  2. Income + housing Low income High income Energy inefficient housing Energy efficient housing

  3. Affordable warmth } { 10% of income for all energy services Energy efficiency of the dwelling 24 hour mean internal temperature of 18°C and all other energy services

  4. Household expenditure on fuelUK 2007

  5. Heating costs: low-income, pensioner couple Present £6.65 For adequate warmth a) existing poorly insulated home • poor heating system £16.15 + £9.50 • efficient heating system £10.35 + £3.70 b) well insulated home • efficient heating system £5.65 - £1.00

  6. Definition • A household is in fuel poverty if it needs to spend more than .... of its income on fuel to maintain a satisfactory heating regime and all other energy services • 10% = UK definition • Twice the median (as a proportion of expenditure) = possible EU definition

  7. Vulnerable • Misleading descriptor • 71% of 2008 English households contained someone who is: • elderly • young • disabled or • long-term sick

  8. Fuel poor pensionersEngland 2008 Pensioner households Fuel poor households 49% 24% in fuel poverty

  9. Fuel poor and worst housingEngland 2006

  10. Fuel poverty by SAP rating, 2006 Berr and Defra 2008, UK fuel poverty strategy 6th annual progress report, p55

  11. Thank youwww.eci.ox.ac.uk

  12. GB disconnections

  13. Identification • Simple method, for the doorstep, a ‘passport’, eg • receipt of a state benefit / pension • Sophisticated method of monitoring • Political decisions first, eg • priority for families or pensioners? • equivalisation • role of rent

  14. Real problem: fuel prices • World fuel prices rising, consistently • Government policy paid through utility bills • Liberalised market worsens fuel poverty • utilities focus price reductions on active, profitable market = rich • Poor left paying highest prices • = Stronger regulation, more government concern for fuel poverty and new tariffs

  15. Fuel poverty, England Today? $80/b $50/b $20/b

  16. Symptoms • Debt: • Elderly don’t get into debt: know they can never repay • Families will get into debt, to keep babies/ children warm • Disconnections – strongly driven by utility policy. Always an alternative • Excess winter deaths

  17. Housing energy standards: fuel poverty and climate change

  18. rich poor a green c b

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