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PEN Cambodia: Overview of Poverty-Environment Context

PEN Cambodia: Overview of Poverty-Environment Context. Sub-Regional Conference Vientiane, Laos 21-22 June 2006. Cambodia’s Geographic Regions. Poverty: Context and Trends. 35% of population below poverty line in 2004 Poverty is uneven across country: Urban (18%) vs. rural (38%)

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PEN Cambodia: Overview of Poverty-Environment Context

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  1. PEN Cambodia:Overview of Poverty-Environment Context Sub-Regional Conference Vientiane, Laos 21-22 June 2006

  2. Cambodia’s Geographic Regions

  3. Poverty: Context and Trends • 35% of population below poverty line in 2004 • Poverty is uneven across country: • Urban (18%) vs. rural (38%) • Coastal (27%) vs. Plateau/mountains (56%) • More than 75% of population in poverty in Plains & Tonle Sap

  4. Poverty: Context and Trends • Poverty is largely a rural problem • 85 percent of Cambodia’s population in rural areas (11 million out of a total population of 13 million) • Of total population below the poverty line, more than 90 percent are in rural areas (equal to more than 4 million people) • Poverty declined from 1993/94 to 2004, but: • Inequality in rural areas has increased • Poverty increased in two provinces, Kampong Thom and Kampong Speu

  5. Poverty: Context and Trends Rural Poverty Incidence by Province Source: CSES 2004.

  6. Environment: Context and Trends • Cambodia enjoys a high natural resource endowment per capita (unused land, forest resources, freshwater fisheries) But… • Logging/forest clearing increasing • Forest cover clearance of 0.3 million ha (1993-1997) compared to 1.3 million ha (1997-2002) • 72% of rural communes report less forest coverage compared to five years ago • New cultivation increasingly on less productive land • More than half land cleared from 1997 to 2002 had low-to-medium soil fertility • Fisheries in decline • 86% of communes report a decline compared to five years ago

  7. Forest Disturbance by Roads and Villages in Cambodia, 2002 Source: IFSR 2004

  8. Forest Cover Clearance in Cambodia: 1993-1997 & 1997-2002 Source: IFSR 2004

  9. Management Context: Land Tenure Estimates Source: World Bank 2005

  10. Management Context:“Vacuum” Estimate Source: World Bank 2005

  11. Summary • Poverty rate at 35% and declining, but poverty is uneven across country • High natural resource endowment, but trends indicate declines in forest, fisheries, and available productive land • 30-40 percent of land, forest, and fisheries under no clear management

  12. Thank You

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