Familiarization With the Hardware of the Computer

1. Familiarization With the Hardware of the Computer

2. Computers In Your World • IT • A collective reference to the integration of computing technology and information processing. • Data • Are just raw facts. Data are all around of us. • Information • Is data that have been collected and processed in to a meaningful form.

3. Computers and Information Systems • Computers • Also called processor, it is an electronic device that process data into information. • Information System • Is a set of Operating System components that work together to manage the acquisition, storage, manipulation and distribution of information. • We combine hardware, software, people, procedures and data to create an information system.

4. Hardware • The physical devices that comprise a computer system. • It includes both input and output devices. • Input devices allows to enter a data for processing • Output devices receives information from the computer. • It is externally attached to the system and sometimes referred as a peripheral device.

5. Storage can be a permanent or temporary. • Secondary storage device provide permanent storage of data and instruction. Ex: HD, CD, Floppy Disk • Memory is storage location which actual work is done and stored finished product. (permanent) • RAM is the memory that the computer uses temporarily store the information as being processed.

6. Software • Software refers to any program that tells the computer system what to do. • System Software; take control of the PC on start up and then play an important role. Provide communication between user and hardware. • Application Software; is designed and created to perform specific tasks.

7. Two basic types of software; • Shareware; is software developed by individual or small companies that can not afford to market their software. • Freeware; is created by generous programmers and released into the public domain for public use.

8. Disk and Storage • Disks are used to store information. • 1 byte=1 character • 1 byte=8 bit • How computers work? • Input; information are entered to the computer through input devices. • Process; CPU interprets and executes program instructions. • Output; displays the information.

9. Hardware and Software • Hardware • Hardware is any part of a computer system you can see or touch. • A peripheral is any piece of hardware attached to a computer, such as a printer.

10. Software • Software is a set of electronic instructions that tell a computer what to do.

11. Application Software • Application software allows you to accomplish specific tasks.

12. Operating System Software • Operating system software controls the overall activity of a computer.

13. How Computers Work • Input • An input device lets you communicate with a computer. You can use input devices to enter information and issue commands. A keyboard, mouse and joystick are input devices.

14. Process • The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the main chip in a computer. The CPU processes instructions, performs calculations and manages the flow of information through a computer system. The CPU communicates with input, output and storage devices to perform tasks.

15. Store • A storage device is used to place information on storage media. The computer uses information stored on the storage media to perform tasks. Popular examples of storage devices include a hard drive, floppy drive, recordable CD-ROM drive, tape drive and DVD-ROM drive

16. Output • An output device is used to display the results of the information precessed by the computer. Common output devices are printers, monitors and speakers

17. Personal Computers • A PC is a computer designed to meet the needs of a single person and usually refers to IBM-compatible computers.

18. Macintosh • Macintosh computers are found in many homes and are very popular in the graphics, publishing and multimedia industries.

19. Typical Computer

20. Modem; is a device that lets computers communicate through telephone lines. • Printer; is a device that produces a paper copy of documents you create on computers. • Mouse; is a handheld device that lets you select and move items on the screen • Monitor; is a device that displays text and images generated by computers • Computer Case; contains all the major components of a computer system • Keyboard; is a device that lets you type information and instructions in to a computer.

21. Bytes • Bytes are used to measure the amount of information a device can store

22. Inside a Computer

23. Computer Case • Desktop Case • A desktop case usually sits on a desk, under a monitor.

24. Tower Case • A tower case usually sits on the floor. This provides more desk space, but can be less convenient for inserting and removing floppy disks and CD-ROM discs. Tower cases come in different sizes.

25. Portable Case • A portable case is used with laptop computers

26. All in one • An all-in-one case contains a monitor, disk drive, CD-ROM drive and speakers in a single unit.

27. Power Supply • A power supply changes the alternating current (AC) that comes from an outlet to the direct current (DC) that a computer can use. • The capacity of a power supply is measured in watts. An average computer uses up to 200 watts, whereas an average light bulb uses 60 watts.

28. Ports

29. Types of Expansion Cards • An expansion card is a circuit board that lets you add a new feature to a computer. An expansion card is also called an expansion board. • Video Card • A video card generates the images displayed on the monitor.

30. Modem • A modem card lets computers exchange information through telephone lines. • Is used to transfer information through telephone lines.

31. Sound Card • A sound card lets a computer play and record high-quality sound.

32. Network Card • A network interface card lets connected computers share information and equipment

33. Upgrade • Upgrading refers to replacing and old or obsolete component with a newer one.