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Thermal energy vs. temp

Thermal energy vs. temp. thermal. Temp. Total energy within a substance. Average energy in a sub. States of matter. 3. Solid. Def. shape & volume Packed tightly Vibrations Crystals – pattern Amorphous – easily move. Liquid. Def. volume, not shape Further apart, movement!

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Thermal energy vs. temp

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  1. Thermal energy vs. temp thermal Temp. • Total energy within a substance. . • Average energy in a sub

  2. States of matter 3

  3. Solid • Def. shape & volume • Packed tightly • Vibrations • Crystals – pattern • Amorphous – easily move

  4. Liquid • Def. volume, not shape • Further apart, movement! • Fluid – substance that flows • Surface tension – skin • Viscosity - resistance

  5. gas • No def. shape/volume • Far apart, most movement

  6. Changes in state Solid - liquid Liquid - solid • Melting – break free • 0 C • Freezing – begin forming patterns

  7. Phase changes Liquid - gas Gas - liquid • Gains energy • Vaporization – def. • Boiling – within liq. • Evap – surface • Air pressure affects • 95 degrees C for Denver • Condensation • Loses thermal energy

  8. Solid - gas • Sublimation – gains energy

  9. III measuring gases • Volume – cm3 • Temp increase, increase motion of gas • 500 meters/sec. 2x that of a jet • Pressure – force on walls of container. Pascals

  10. Pressure and volume • Boyles Law . Increase vol. decrease pressure • Helium balloon decrease air press, increase vol of balloon

  11. Pressure and temp • Increase temp, increase pressure in constant volume (container that’s rigid) • Hot tires . . Expand.

  12. Volume and temp • Charles Law – increase temp, increase vol. (if pressure is same – don’t add more molecules)

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