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Keeping healthy before and during pregnancy

Keeping healthy before and during pregnancy 1. Avoid alcohol and drugs(including tobacco and caffeine) 2. Maintain nutritious diet ~Need up to 450 extra calories 3. Prenatal vitamins ~Folic acid is important because it reduces chances of birth defects 4. Get moderate to regular exercise

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Keeping healthy before and during pregnancy

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  1. Keeping healthy before and during pregnancy • 1. Avoid alcohol and drugs(including tobacco and caffeine) • 2. Maintain nutritious diet • ~Need up to 450 extra calories • 3. Prenatal vitamins • ~Folic acid is important because it reduces chances of birth defects • 4. Get moderate to regular exercise • ~Improves circulation • ~Prevents excessive weight gain • ~Prepares mother for labor • 5. Have all medical conditions evaluated by a doctor • Prenatal Care: healthcare provided during pregnancy • 1st exam- physical exam, blood tests, discuss childbirth options.

  2. Stages of Childbirth ~Begins with onset of labor ~Signs of onset are contractions or tightening of uterine muscles ~Contractions are also known as “labor pains” Dilation: 1st stage of labor ~Uterus contracts ~Cervix dilates or opens up ~Membranes surrounding baby open ~”Water breaks”- amniotic fluid is released out of vagina ~Head begins to push through the birth canal ~1st stage ends when the cervix is dilated 10cm

  3. Expulsion: 2nd stage ~Head emerges fully ~Shoulders rotate ~Episiotomies may be done (surgical incision of the outer end of the vagina allowing for more room) Placental: 3rd stage ~Begins after the baby is delivered ~Ends when the uterus expels the placenta and umbilical cord out of the body After the 3 stages are complete: ~Mucus is sucked from baby’s mouth ~Umbilical cord is tied and cut ~Mother and baby are checked for signs (problems) ~Mothers breast feeds the baby

  4. Types of Childbirth • Natural Childbirth(Through the vagina) • Cesarean section(C-section)- baby and placenta are lifted out of the mothers body by surgery • ~An incision is made in the mother’s lower abdomen and then into the uterus • ~C-section are most common if: • Baby too large • Baby is in wrong position

  5. Child Development ~2 months: Baby lifts head ~4 months: baby rolls from front to back Feeding schedule is more regular ~6 months: Baby sits up Excellent head control ~9 months: Baby crawls ~1 year: Baby walks and talks ~2 years: Terrible twos Encourage healthy diet ~5-6 years: Ready for school Toilet training Well developed speech

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