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Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) & Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)

Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) & Frequency Shift Keying (FSK). Digital Communication Systems. Some of the modulation techniques employed by digital communication systems are explained throughout this Lab. Today, Amplitude Shift Keying and Frequency Shift Keying are to be explained.

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Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) & Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)

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  1. Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK)&Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)

  2. Digital Communication Systems • Some of the modulation techniques employed by digital communication systems are explained throughout this Lab. Today, Amplitude Shift Keying and Frequency Shift Keying are to be explained.

  3. Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) • In ASK, a sinusoidal carrier is gated ON and OFF by the binary sequence to be transmitted. • The message signal m(t) is a unipolar NRZ such that: m(t)=0 for logic 0 0≤ t ≤ Tb m(t)= 1 for logic 1

  4. ASK Modulator • The ASK signal is generated as: Note: the carrier frequency is chosen such that fc=n*Rb ; where n is an integer • The transmitted signals are: - S1(t)=0 for logic 0 - S2(t)=V cos (2*pi*fc*t) for logic 1

  5. Illustration of ASK 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 Digital information Carrier wave ASK modulated signal Amplitude varying-frequency constant Carrier present Carrier absent

  6. ASK Demodulator • The basic block diagram of ASK demodulator ( Non-Coherent Demodulation): Notes: • The BPFis used to reduce both ; the noise and the interference of other signals through selecting the BW of each signal. • Sometimes a comparator is used instead of the schmitt trigger. ( Threshold = V/2 ) . They are used to convert the analog signal to a digital one.

  7. Schmitt Trigger • A Schmitt trigger is a circuit with positive feedback and a loop gain greater than 1 • When the input is higher than a certain chosen threshold, the output is high. When the input is below a different (lower) chosen threshold, the output is low, and when the input is between the two levels, the output retains its value. • Comparator Versus Schmitt trigger:

  8. Disadvantage of ASK • The detection process is difficult since the amplitude is not constant. • ASK is usable only for Low Data Rate.

  9. Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) • In a binary FSK, symbols 1 and 0 are distinguished from each others by transmitting one of the two sinusoidal signals that differ in frequency by a fixed amount. 0≤ t ≤ Tb

  10. FSK Modulator • The direct methods that are used to general FSK signals are: • Two - oscillator method ( synchronization problem) • Voltage control oscillator:

  11. Illustration of FSK 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 Digital information Carrier 1 (frequency #1) Carrier 2 (frequency #2) FSK modulated signal Frequency varying-amplitude constant

  12. ASK Demodulator • Non-coherent detection of FSK

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