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Gas Exchange

Gas Exchange. I. Introduction. A. Why ?. B. Forces & Factors. Forces to drive gas exchange?. Surface area. Moisture. Figure 42.23. Factors help to maximize exchange?. C. Transport. II. Strategies. A. Direct. Direct method = Poriferans , Cnidarians , and Platyhelminthes.

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Gas Exchange

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  1. Gas Exchange I. Introduction A. Why?

  2. B. Forces & Factors

  3. Forces to drive gas exchange? Surface area Moisture Figure 42.23 Factors help to maximize exchange?

  4. C. Transport

  5. II. Strategies A. Direct

  6. Direct method = Poriferans, Cnidarians, and Platyhelminthes Constant water movement Simple thin structure Figure 42.21 Figure 33.4 What would be required to lead this life style?

  7. B. Gills 1. Structure

  8. Gills == Mollusca to Vertebrata Figure 42.21 Figure 33.3 Figure 42.22

  9. Fish Gills Figure 42.21 Figure 33.3

  10. 2. Forces

  11. Figure 42.21 Ram ventilation vs. Gulping Advantagesvs. Disadvantages Figure 33.3

  12. Circulation of water coupled with perfusion of blood Figure 42.21 Figure 42.23 Figure 33.3

  13. swim bladder in bony fishes via the gas gland Figure 42.21 Figure 33.3 Figure 34.16

  14. C. Tracheal Systems 1. Insecta

  15. direct oxygen delivery system to the muscle fibers Figure 42.21 Figure 33.3 Figure 42.24

  16. 2. Chordata a. Amphibians

  17. Circulate air to lungs from mouth and skin ==PP breathers Figure 42.21 Figure 33.3

  18. b. Reptilians

  19. PP breathers Figure 42.21 Figure 33.3

  20. c. Avians

  21. Negative pressure breathers move air into their lungs and air sacs Figure 42.21 Figure 33.3

  22. Negative pressure breathers move air into their lungs and air sacs Figure 42.21 Figure 33.3 Figure 42.27

  23. d. Mammalians i. Air tubes

  24. Negative breathers use muscle contractions to moveair Figure 42.21 Figure 42.25 Figure 33.3 pseudostratified ciliated columnar with goblet cells

  25. ii. Lungs

  26. alveoli for gas exchange Type I and Type II cells Figure 42.21 Figure 33.3 Figure 42.25

  27. alveoli for gas exchange Figure 42.21 Figure 33.3

  28. Lung expansion == muscle contraction Figure 42.21 Figure 42.28 Quiet versus ForcedInhalation vs. Exhalation Figure 33.3

  29. iii. Control

  30. Pons, Medulla Oblongata, and the Hypothalamus Figure 42.21 Figure 33.3 Figure 42.29

  31. iv. Transport

  32. partial gas pressures Figure 42.21 Figure 33.3 Figure 42.30 Figure 42.31a & b

  33. Respiratory pigments transport oxygen and also buffer CO2is transported via other mechanisms Dissolved in plasma about 7% Bound to globin about 23% Travels bicarbonate shuttle about 70% Figure 42.21 Figure 33.3 Figure 42.28

  34. Figure 42.21 Figure 33.3 Figure 42.32 Figure 42.28

  35. Quantity doesn’t mean Quality.

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