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Plant Structure

Plant Structure. Terminology important for classification. Why study plant structure (anatomy)?. Useful for understanding horticultural procedures. Cell wall:. Cell membrane. Plant Structure: Cells. What are main components of plant cells. Cellulose-rich cell wall unique to plants.

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Plant Structure

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  1. Plant Structure • Terminology important for classification • Why study plant structure (anatomy)? • Useful for understanding horticultural procedures

  2. Cell wall: • Cell membrane Plant Structure: Cells • What are main components of plant cells • Cellulose-rich cell wall unique to plants • Provides strength and rigidity to plant • Semi-permeable layer • Regulates substances that enter and leave cell

  3. Plant Structure: Cells • Cytoplasm: • What are main components of plant cells • Internal matrix of cell • strands between neighboring cells aids in transport • Central vacuole: • Membrane bound storage organelle • Nucleus: • Contains DNA (genetic instructions)

  4. Plant Structure: Cells • Endoplasmic reticulum: • What are main components of plant cells • Internal membrane system for transport • Ribosome: • Site of protein synthesis • Plastids: • Vacuoles for storage • Most common are chloroplasts (contain chlorophyll)

  5. Plant Structure: Cells • Mitochondria: • What are main components of plant cells • Site of cellular respiration (energy-producing process) • Golgi bodies: • Involved in transport of cell products and • Most cells are specialized (e.g. transport, storage or photosynthesis)

  6. Tips of stems and roots (except grasses) Plant Structure:Tissues • Meristem: • Tissues = groups of cells with similar functions • Primary meristem - elongation • Secondary meristem - growth in girth

  7. Plant Structure:Tissues • Epidermis: • Tissues = groups of cells with similar functions • Outer covering (replaced by bark in woody plants) • Controls water loss and protects plant • Tightly packed and often coated with waxy cuticle • May have outgrowths called trichomes • Periderm: • Bark (protects stems)

  8. Plant Structure:Tissues • Phloem: • Tissues = groups of cells with similar functions • Living vascular tissue • Transports products of photosynthesis from leaves to other parts of plant • Xylem: • Nonliving vascular tissue • Conducts water and nutrient from roots to elsewhere in plants

  9. Plant Structure:Tissues • Parenchyma: • Tissues = groups of cells with similar functions • Main tissue in some parts of plants • Functions in storage and wound healing • Collenchyma and Sclerenchyma: • Function in support of various plant parts

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