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Nationalism Triumphs in Europe Chapter 22

Nationalism Triumphs in Europe Chapter 22. 22-1 Building a German Nation. Steps Toward Unity. In the early 1800s, German speaking people occupied a number of medium sized states. Impact of Napoleon Napoleon reforms Demand unified German state German Confederation Austria

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Nationalism Triumphs in Europe Chapter 22

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  1. Nationalism Triumphs in EuropeChapter 22

  2. 22-1 Building a German Nation

  3. Steps Toward Unity • In the early 1800s, German speaking people occupied a number of medium sized states. • Impact of Napoleon • Napoleon reforms • Demand unified German state • German Confederation • Austria • Prussian Leadership • Created a fragmented economic union

  4. Bismarck and German Unity • In 1862 King William I of Prussia made Otto von Bismarckof Prussia, prime minister of Prussia, united the German states under Prussian rule. • Master of Realpolitik • Strengthening the Army • How did he get money? • War

  5. Wars with Denmark and Austria • Prussia and Austria “liberated” states from Denmark. • Austro-Prussian War • Austria annexed • Dissolved German Confederation • The Franco-Prussian War 1870

  6. The German Empire • The Second Reich • Delighted by the victory over France, princes from the southern German states and North German Federation William I of Prussia became Kaiser • Why second? • Two house legislature ruled by emperor and his chancellor

  7. 23-2 Strengthening Germany

  8. The German Industrial Giant • Economic Progress • Iron, coal, and _______ • Booming businesses in world market • Educated middle class • Growing population of _____ • Science, Government, and Industry • Science and technology • Single currency • Protective tariff

  9. The Iron Chancellor • Austria and Russia • Bismark targeted two groups he believed posed a threat to the German Empire: ____ and _____. • Campaign Against the Church • 1/3rd Catholic • Kulturkampf • Education • Priests • Civil marriages • Jesuits

  10. Campaign Against the Socialists • Fear of revolution against government • Dissolved groups and newspapers • Result: • Socialist Model • Accident insurance, health care, retirement benefits

  11. Kaiser William II • The new emperor succeeded in 1888, he made Bismarck resign in 1890. • Social welfare • Loyalty in education • Improved German navy

  12. 22-3 Unifying Italy

  13. Obstacles to Italian Unity • Stratified • Napoleon • Congress of Vienna • Austria in North, Hapsburg, French in Naples and Sicily • Mazzini’s Young Italy • Giuseppe Mazzini plots • The Tide of Nationalism • Economic sense • Language

  14. The Struggle for Italy • Intrigue With France • 1855 prime minister of Sardinia formed an alliance w/ France • Austria • Garibaldi’s Red Shirts • Unity at Last • Garibaldi turned over Naples and Sicily to Victor Emmanuel in Sardinia • Austro-Prussian War • Franco-Prussian War

  15. Challenges Facing the New Nation • Unification problems. Why? • Divisions • North and south • Church and government • Turmoil • Limited suffrage • Anarchists • How do countries promote internal unity? Why?

  16. Progress • Industrialization • Emigration • U.S., Canada, Latin America

  17. 22-4 Nationalism Threatens Old Empires • How did European powers divide up Ottoman lands?

  18. 22-5 Russia: Reform and Reaction • Describe the social structure that existed in Russia during the 1800s. • How did Russia industrialize? • Why was Bloody Sunday a turning point for the Russians?

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