Virtualization and Cloud Computing Course Overview

1. Virtualization and Cloud ComputingCourse Overview Instructor: Dijiang Huang

2. What This Course Is For? • Course philosophy and goals • The theory and practice of virtualization and cloud computing technologies • Hands-on work: Yes! We will develop and implement in a real cloud system. • Exposure to different aspects of cloud computing and become familiar with application development based on virtualization and cloud computing technologies.

3. What This Course Is About? • What is virtualization and Cloud computing and its history and evolution? • Architecture and models that support IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS. • Resource (computing, storage, and network) virtulization • Cloud computing infrastructure requirements and limitations • Cloud Computing architecture and industry frameworks • Practical cloud systems • Virtual lab • Mobile cloud • Identifying Audit and security risk with Cloud computing • Risk Mitigation in Cloud computing.

4. Who should not take this course? I do not want to do programs (such as C, C++, java, web2.0, SQL, MySQL, etc.) and just want to learn the theory.

5. Class hour and location TuTh 1:30-2:45pm, room BYENG M1-9. Instructor office hour 12:30-1:30pm TuTH Universal portal MyASU (Blackboard) Grades and communications Lecture notes, assignments, projectshttp://dj.eas.asu.edu/courses/CSE591/fall2011/ Grading 10% Survey10% Attendance15% Presentation25% Final Exams40% Project Text book and additional materials No textbook, lecture notes will be provided, handouts and course materials will be distributed. Online materials are available Course Information

6. Class Policies • Cheating • Cheating is a serious problem!!! • Laptop in class • Laptop is only allowed in the last row of the classroom. • Late submission • Late submission is not accepted! • Late in class • If you are late 5 minutes after the class starts, please do not enter the classroom. • Exam • No make up will be given, unless two week in advance notice is required and must have reasonable reason.

7. Cloud Computing

8. Cloud Classification

10. Onion Structure • The following Classification (4 slides) of Cloud Computing is presented by Markus Klems • Let’s see if this classification makes sense or not http://markusklems.wordpress.com/2008/07/10/classification-cloud-computing/

11. IaaS • Pure storage and compute capacity. With virtualization techniques it is packaged into small units that are delivered like water or electricity (notion of utility computing).

12. PaaS • By Marc Andreessen, “platform is a system that can be programmed and therefore customized by outside developers — users — and in that way, adapted to countless needs and niches that the platform’s original developers could not have possibly contemplated, much less had time to accommodate. If you can program it, then it’s a platform. If you can’t, then it’s not.”

13. App&Service • The outer layer is formed by all the applications and services that are built on top of either IaaS or PaaS. Markus is not satisfied with the outer layer. He feels that it needs further categorization, such as grouping by types of applications, e.g. Social Network Apps, Backup Services, and so on

14. Another classification based on cloud service providers • Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) involves offering hardware related services using the principles of cloud computing. These could include some kind of storage services (database or disk storage) or virtual servers. Leading vendors that provide Infrastructure as a service are Amazon EC2, Amazon S3, Rackspace Cloud Servers and Flexiscale. • Platform as a Service (PaaS) involves offering a development platform on the cloud. Platforms provided by different vendors are typically not compatible. Typical players in PaaS are Google’s Application Engine, Microsofts Azure, Salesforce.com’s force.com • Software as a service (SaaS) includes a complete software offering on the cloud. Users can access a software application hosted by the cloud vendor on pay-per-use basis. This is a well-established sector. The pioneer in this field has been Salesforce.com offering in the online Customer Relationship Management (CRM) space. Other examples are online email providers like Googles gmail and Microsofts hotmail, Google docs and Microsofts online version of office called BPOS (Business Productivity Online Standard Suite). Source: http://thecloudtutorial.com/cloudtypes.html

15. Location based classifications • Public cloud: the computing infrastructure is hosted by the cloud vendor at the vendor’s premises. The customer has no visibility and control over where the computing infrastructure is hosted. The computing infrastructure is shared between any organizations. • Private cloud: The computing infrastructure is dedicated to a particular organization and not shared with other organizations. Private clouds are of two types: On-premise private clouds and externally hosted private clouds. Externally hosted private clouds are also exclusively used by one organization, but are hosted by a third party specializing in cloud infrastructure. • Hybrid cloud: Organizations may host critical applications on private clouds and applications with relatively less security concerns on the public cloud. A related term is Cloud Bursting. In Cloud bursting organization use their own computing infrastructure for normal usage, but access the cloud for high/peak load requirements. • Community cloud: Computing infrastructure are shared among organizations of the same community. Source: http://thecloudtutorial.com/cloudtypes.html

16. NIST Definition of Cloud Computing • Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. • This cloud model promotes availability and is composed of five essential characteristics, three service models, and four deployment models. http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/drafts/800-145/Draft-SP-800-145_cloud-definition.pdf

17. Essential Characteristics • On-demand self-service. A consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities, such as server time and network storage, as needed automatically without requiring human interaction with each service’s provider. • Broad network access. Capabilities are available over the network and accessed through standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile phones, laptops, and PDAs). • Resource pooling. The provider’s computing resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers using a multi-tenant model, with different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according to consumer demand. There is a sense of location independence in that the customer generally has no control or knowledge over the exact location of the provided resources but may be able to specify location at a higher level of abstraction (e.g., country, state, or datacenter). Examples of resources include storage, processing, memory, network bandwidth, and virtual machines. • Rapid elasticity. Capabilities can be rapidly and elastically provisioned, in some cases automatically, to quickly scale out, and rapidly released to quickly scale in. To the consumer, the capabilities available for provisioning often appear to be unlimited and can be purchased in any quantity at any time. • Measured Service. Cloud systems automatically control and optimize resource use by leveraging a metering capability1 at some level of abstraction appropriate to the type of service (e.g., storage, processing, bandwidth, and active user accounts). Resource usage can be monitored, controlled, and reported, providing transparency for both the provider and consumer of the utilized service.

18. Service Models • Cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). The capability provided to the consumer is to provision processing, storage, networks, and other fundamental computing resources where the consumer is able to deploy and run arbitrary software, which can include operating systems and applications. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure but has control over operating systems, storage, deployed applications, and possibly limited control of select networking components (e.g., host firewalls). • Cloud Platform as a Service (PaaS). The capability provided to the consumer is to deploy onto the cloud infrastructure consumer-created or acquired applications created using programming languages and tools supported by the provider. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure including network, servers, operating systems, or storage, but has control over the deployed applications and possibly application hosting environment configurations. • Cloud Software as a Service (SaaS). The capability provided to the consumer is to use the provider’s applications running on a cloud infrastructure. The applications are accessible from various client devices through a thin client interface such as a web browser (e.g., web-based email). The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure including network, servers, operating systems, storage, or even individual application capabilities, with the possible exception of limited user-specific application configuration settings.

19. Development Models • Public cloud. The cloud infrastructure is made available to the general public or a large industry group and is owned by an organization selling cloud services. • Private cloud. The cloud infrastructure is operated solely for an organization. It may be managed by the organization or a third party and may exist on premise or off premise. • Hybrid cloud. The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more clouds (private, community, or public) that remain unique entities but are bound together by standardized or proprietary technology that enables data and application portability (e.g., cloud bursting for load balancing between clouds). • Community cloud. The cloud infrastructure is shared by several organizations and supports a specific community that has shared concerns (e.g., mission, security requirements, policy, and compliance considerations). It may be managed by the organizations or a third party and may exist on premise or off premise.

20. Summary • Five essential characteristics: On-demand self-service; Broad network access; Resource pooling; Rapid elasticity; and Measured Service. • Three service models: Software as a Service (SaaS); Platform as a Service (PaaS); and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). • Four deployment models: Private cloud; Community cloud; Public cloud; and Hybrid cloud. • Is this definition sufficient?

21. What to do in the first week? • Read Intel guide of how to build a cloud system and get familiar with XEN virtualization system. • Resource can be found at http://dj.eas.asu.edu/courses/CSE591/fall2011/index.html