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Biology Presentation

Biology Presentation. Variety of life and Classification Luk Yui See 6B(17). Five Kingdoms of organisms. Kingdom Prokaryota Kingdom Protoctista Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Plantae Kingdom Animalia. Kingdom Prokaryota. Unicellular and colonial including true bacteria. Kingdom Prokaryota.

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Biology Presentation

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  1. Biology Presentation Variety of life and Classification Luk Yui See 6B(17)

  2. Five Kingdoms of organisms • Kingdom Prokaryota • Kingdom Protoctista • Kingdom Fungi • Kingdom Plantae • Kingdom Animalia

  3. Kingdom Prokaryota • Unicellular and colonial • including true bacteria

  4. Kingdom Prokaryota • Shape: spherical/rod-shaped /helical • Example: Rod-shaped

  5. Kingdom Protoctista • Unicellular protozoans and unicellular & multicellular algae • Mostly aquatic and live in seawater, freshwater ponds, lakes and streams.

  6. Kingdom Protoctista • Example: Coralline Alga (Calliarthron tuberculosum)

  7. Kingdom Fungi • Have no true roots, stems and leaves and vascular bundles • Hyphae for anchorage and absorption • Lack chlorophyll->saprophytic

  8. Kingdom Fungi • Example:

  9. Kingdom Plantae • Eukaryotic, photosynthetic organisms (contains chlorophyll) • Mosses • Ferns • Gymnosperms • Angiosperms

  10. Mosses • Primitive land plants • Possess tiny rhizoids • Upright, stem-like structure • Do not have vascular tissue

  11. Mosses • Example: mosses in gorge

  12. Ferns • A group of terrestrial plants • Grow in shady and humid places • Posses stems, leaves and vascular tissue

  13. Ferns • Example:

  14. Gymnosperms • Naked seeds • No fruit because no ovary • Usually cones on which sporangia and spores develop • No vessels in xylem, only tracheids, no companion cells in phloem

  15. Gymnosperms • Example:

  16. Angiosperms • Seeds enclosed in ovary • Produce flowers in which sporangia and spores develop • After fertilization, ovary develops into a fruit • Xylem contains vessels; phloem contains companion cells

  17. Angiosperms • Example: angiospermmonocot angiosperms

  18. Kingdom Animalia • Multicellular animals, without cell walls and without photosynthetic pigments, forming diploid blastula

  19. Kingdom Animalia • Chordates-posses notochord • a single, dorsal and hollow nerve cord • paired gill slits developed on the sides of the embryonic pharynx. • Fishes • Amphibians • Reptiles • Birds • Mammals

  20. Kingdom Animalia • Chnidarians • Annelids • Molluscs • Arthropods • Echinoderms

  21. Fishes • Aquatic • Stream-lined body, propulsive tail • Paired pectoral and pelvic fins • Unpaired median fins to maintain stability • Gills as respiratory organs • Single circulation • Prominent lateral line system • Exoskeleton of scales

  22. Fishes • Example:

  23. Amphibians • Smooth most skin without scales (act as respiratory surface) • No external ear • Semi-terrestrial; dependent on fresh water for development • External fertilization • Urea and ammonia excreted • Teeth uniform, only one type of tooth in dentition

  24. Amphibians • Example:

  25. Reptiles • Dry hard scales • Lungs as respiratory organs • No pinna to ear • Uric acid excreted • Internal fertilization • Completely adapted to life on dry, both in adults and during development

  26. Reptiles • Example:

  27. Birds • Body covered by feathers • Endothermic • Bones are light and strong • Lungs as the respiratory organs • Fore Pectoral limbs modified to wings • No teeth • No pinna • Bipedal method of walking • Internal fertilization • Uric acid excreted • Acute sense of light, colour vision, extensive visual field

  28. Birds • Example:

  29. Mammals • Endothermic • Skin covered by hair • Lungs as respiratory organs, diaphragm present to increase efficiency of the respiratory system • Pinna present • Internal fertilizaion

  30. Mammals • Example:

  31. Chnidarians • Diploblastic metazoa: ectoderm and endoderm separated by mesogloea • Tissue level of organization achieved • The body wall encloses a central digestive cavity called enteron • No respiratory, circulatory or excretory system • body is radial symmetrical • presence of nematoblast

  32. Chnidarians • Example:

  33. Annelids • Matamerically segmented • Triploblastic coelomate • Body covered with thin cuticle • Chaetae typically present • Closed circulatory system

  34. Annelids • Example:

  35. Molluscs • triploblastic coelomate • soft body divided into head, foot and visceral mass • shell may be one spiral piece or with 2 valves joined by ligaments, or may be enclosed inside the mantle • blood contains respiratory pigment, circulated through an open circulatory system

  36. Molluscs • Example:

  37. Arthropods • bilaterally symmetric • metamerically segmented • coelomate ,but body cavity consists of a haemocel, and the coelom is much reduced to cavities of the gonads and the excretory organs • chitinous jointed exoskeleton • open blood system

  38. Arthropods • Example:

  39. Echinoderms • penta-radial symmetrical • star-shaped • with calcerous spines on upper surface • possession of a water vascular system, a complex tubes surrounding the mouth and passing into the arms and tube feet • anus in the centre of aboral surface • mouth in the middle of oral surface

  40. Echinoderms • Example:

  41. References • Yahoo search engine (for pictures) • http://waynesword.palomar.edu/trfeb98.htm • http://www.edp.ust.hk/biol/hkal/AL_classification/AL_classification.htm • Advanced-level Biology for Hong Kong-Y.K. Ho

  42. The End~*

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