U.S. Department of Transportation

1. U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration

2. Post Aircraft Accident Response Paul B. Jones Safety Program Manager Federal Aviation Administration

4. 2001 Accident Trends* • Large Air Carrier 28 • Commuter 5 • Air Taxi 60 • GA 1,377 • Rotorcraft 147 *Administrator’s Fact Book thru Oct 2001 by Type

5. Accident Trends* • In the year 2000 of the 2195 Accidents in the US, there were 777 fatalities. • 592 in General Aviation Aircraft • 92 on Air Carriers • 71 on Air Taxi’s • 5 on Commuter Aircraft • 17 were Foreign/Unregistered • *Administrator’s Fact Book thru Oct 2001

6. Introduction • Commercial airlines in the U.S. are the safest and most efficient form of transportation. • Only 15 % of airline accidents involve fatalities. • Even in these accidents the majority of the passengers survive the accident.

7. Introduction • 80 % of the fatalities in a survivable accident occur after the airplane has come to a stop, during the evacuation. • On average, there is less than 2 minutes to evacuate an aircraft after an accident.

8. An Air Traveler’s Guide • Where is the safest place to sit on the airplane?

9. So what are we gonna talk about? • Public Law • USC Title 14, 18 & 49 • Notification and Reporting • Roles and Responsibilities

10. Definition of Accident* • Accident: An occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight and all such persons have disembarked, and in which any person suffers death or serious injury, or in which the aircraft receives substantial damage. *Paraphrased USC 49 CRF Part 830 Section 830.2

11. Definition of Serious Injury* • Serious Injury- • Hospitalization for more than 48 hours within 7 days of the accident. • Fracture of any bones. • Severe hemorrhaging. • Internal organ injury. • Second or third degree burns. * Paraphrased USC 49 CRF Part 830 Section 830.2

12. Definition of Substantial Damage* • Substantial Damage- • Damage or failure adversely affecting structural strength, performance or flight characteristics. • Requires major repair or replacement of affected components of the aircraft. * Paraphrased USC 49 CRF Part 830 Section 830.2

13. Public Law

14. Who has Authority to enter the scene? • Federal Aviation Administration Investigators who present appropriate identification. • Federal Bureau of Investigation Special Agents who present appropriate identification. • NTSB Investigators who present appropriate identification. • State and Local Police & Fire Department’s with assigned responsibilities. • Emergency Rescue, Medical Personnel and the Examiner/ Coroner, until duties exhausted. • Invited Persons (by the IIC).

15. Public Law • Public Law 104-6 • Title 49 USC Chapter 11 Sec. 1134 Sub Sec (b)(2) states: • Who is in charge once on scene, the NTSB? FAA? Any civil aircraft and parts thereof, also property on board, involved in an accident shall be preserved IAW the regulations prescribed by the FAA and NTSB.

16. Refusal of Access • Public Law 104-6 • Title 49 USC Sec. 46301, the FAA Act of 1958 Appendix 1471 Sec. 901 states: • Any person who refuses to grant access to the aircraft after proper demand by the FAA will be subject to civil and criminal penalties up to $5000.00, and/or one year imprisonment or both.

17. Interference in a Federal Investigation • Title 18 USC Sec.1001 • Title 49 USC Sec. 115 states: • A person that knowingly and without authority removes, conceals, or withholds a part or property of a civil aircraft involved in an accident, shall be fined under Title 18.

18. Other Responsibilities

19. Where does the alarm most likely come from? • FAA • Civil Air Patrol • Airport Manager • Patrol Vehicle • Local Residents -911

20. Who do I call? • FAA Regional Operations Center -24/7 • FAA Flight Service • FAA Flight Standards • NTSB • State, County and Municipal • Police Department • Fire Department

21. Pilot Responsibilities • The Operator of any civil aircraft or any public aircraft: • Shall immediately, and by the most expeditious means available, notify the nearest NTSB field office. USC 49 CRF Part 830 Section 830.2

22. Title 49 USC 61.3(K)(1) • Pilots must present their Pilot Certificate and Medical Authorization to any authorized FAA, or NTSB Official, Federal, State, or Local Law Enforcement Officer upon request.

23. Title 49 USC 61.51(i)(1) • Pilot must present log book or any other record for inspection to any authorized FAA, or NTSB Official, Federal, State, or Local Law Enforcement Officer upon request. • Pilot Logbook • Aircraft Logbooks • Flight Plans

24. FAA Responsibilities • Airworthiness of the Aircraft • Airmen Competency • Airmen Medical • Regulation change needed • FAA Facilities (ATC/NAV AIDS) • Non FAA Facilities (ATC/NAV AIDS) • Airport Certification • Security • Violation of USC

25. How you can help! • Begins with you, if you are the first on the scene. • Do NOT move the aircraft without the approval of the IIC. • Map the scene and protect. • Treat the accident site as a crime scene.

26. Investigation Phase • Gather as much information and data about the accident site as soon as possible. • Gather aircraft and pilot logbooks if possible. • Gather witness statements, names, addresses and phone numbers.

27. Safe Guard Information • Do not volunteer information to the media or persons that are not in “Authorized Official Capacity”. • Refer Media inquiries to FAA Public Affairs.

28. Sequence of Events • Rescue • Advise • Guard

29. In Conclusion

30. Sequence of Events • Rescue efforts are first and foremost. • Limit access to Rescue and LEO’s until the FAA or NTSB Investigator In-Charge (IIC) arrives. • The main goal at this point is to prevent improper handling of wreckage by limiting accessibility.

31. Accident Site Guidance • Turn off the master switch. • Locate and disconnect the battery. • Locate and deactivate the ELT. • Protect yourself. Beware of Bio Hazard Pathogens. • Standby with fire suppression equipment. • Report these changes and any switch position changes, throttle settings, and observed fuel quantity to the IIC.

32. Video First Responders: When Seconds Count Post Aircraft Accident Response

34. Thank You