Standard Addressed: 11.7 Students analyze America’s participation in World War II.

1. Standard Addressed: 11.7 Students analyze America’s participation in World War II. CH 17-SEC 4 Lesson Objectives: Section 4 - The Impact of War (Home Front ) • 1. Describe the economic and social changes that reshaped American life during World War II. • 2. Summarize both the opportunities and the discrimination African Americans and other minorities experienced during the war.

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3. QUIZ! Fill in your ID NUMBER! First & Last Name CH-17-4

4. SECTION 4: THE HOME FRONT • The war provided a lift to the U.S. economy • Jobs were abundant and despite rationing and shortages, people had money to spend

5. SECTION 4: THE HOME FRONT • The war provided a lift to the U.S. economy • By the end of the war, America was the world’s dominant economic and military power

6. ECONOMIC GAINS • Unemployment fell to only 1.2% by 1944 and wages rose 35%

7. SECTION 4: THE HOME FRONT • Jobs were abundant and despite rationing and shortages, people had money to spend

8. ECONOMIC GAINS • Farmers too benefited as production doubled and income tripled

9. Economic Gains • Defense industries boom, unemployment falls to 1.2% in 1944 • - average pay rises 10% during war

13. The Battle of Los Angeles, also known as The Great Los Angeles Air Raid • Air raid sirens sounded throughout Los Angeles County on the night of 24–25 February 1942. • A total blackout was ordered and thousands of air raid wardens were summoned to their positions. • At 3:16 am the 37th Coast Artillery Brigade began firing .50 caliber machine guns and 12.8-pound anti-aircraft shells into the air at reported aircraft; over 1,400 shells would eventually be fired. • Pilots of the 4th Interceptor Command were alerted but their aircraft remained grounded. • The artillery fire continued sporadically until 4:14 am. The "all clear" was sounded and the blackout order lifted at 7:21 am.

22. A – How did World War II cause the U.S. population to shift? • In towns and cities with defense plants, population increased. • African American left the South for factory jobs in the North and West.

23. GUIDED READING: GR:The Impact of the War

24. Opportunity and Adjustment • Economic Gains • Farmers prosper from rising crop prices,

25. Economic Gains • increase in production • - many pay off mortgages

26. Opportunity and Adjustment • Economic Gains • increase in production

27. GUIDED READING: The Impact of the War

28. B – How did the war affect families and personal lives? • During the war, mothers became single parents and women took jobs outside the home. • The war helped create new families.

29. Population Shifts • War triggers mass migrations to towns with defense industries • African Americans again shifted from south to north NEXT

30. More than a million newcomers poured into California between 1941-1944

31. GUIDED READING: The Impact of the War

32. WOMEN MAKE GAINS • Over 6 million women entered the work force for the first time • Over 1/3 were in the defense industry • Percentage of women in work force rises to 35%

33. WOMEN MAKE GAINS • Women enjoyed economic gains during the war, although many lost their jobs after the war

34. GUIDED READING: The Impact of the War

35. Social Adjustments • Families adjust to fathers in military; mothers rear children alone • Families must get to know each other again after fathers return NEXT

36. Social Adjustments • Many couples rush to marry before husband goes overseas NEXT

37. GI BILL HELPS RETURNING VETS • Congress passed the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act (GI Bill of Rights: • helped returning servicemen ease back into civilian life, • The act provided education for 7.8 million vets • pays education; • loan guarantees for homes and • loans new businesses

38. GUIDED READING: The Impact of the War

39. Discrimination and Reaction Civil Rights Protests • Racial tensions rise in overcrowded Northern cities • 1943 racial violence sweeps across country; Detroit riots worst case NEXT

40. 1943 racial violence sweeps across country;

42. James Farmer founds Congress of Racial Equality(CORE) - works on racial segregation in North

43. GUIDED READING: The Impact of the War

44. Discrimination and Reaction • Tension in Los Angeles • Anti-Mexican zoot suit riots involve thousands servicemen, civilians NEXT

45. ZOOT SUIT • A zoot suit is a men's suit with high-waisted, wide-legged, tight-cuffed, pegged trousers, and a long coat with wide lapels and wide padded shoulders. • This style of clothing became popular within the African American, Chicano and Italian American communities during the 1940s.

46. The Zoot Suit Riots were a series of riots in 1943 during World War II that broke out in Los Angeles, California, between Anglo American sailors and Marines stationed in the city and Latino youths, who were recognizable by the zoot suits they favored. • Mexican Americans and military servicemen were the main parties in the riots, and some African American and Filipino/Filipino American youths were involved as well.

48. The Zoot Suit Riots were in part the effect of the infamous Sleepy Lagoon murder trial which followed the death of a young Latino man in a barrio near Los Angeles. • The incident triggered similar attacks against Latinos in • Beaumont, Texas; • Chicago; • San Diego; • Oakland, California; • Detroit; • Evansville, Indiana; • Philadelphia; and • New York.