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Objective 5

Objective 5. MOTION & FORCES. Have this on your desk for EVERY question involving math. EVERY FORMULA YOU NEED IS ON THE CHART. You won’t ALWAYS use all the numbers given. Eliminate bad answers. ALWAYS use your calculator!!!!. FORMULAS. Constants & Conversions. Ruler.

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Objective 5

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  1. Objective 5 MOTION & FORCES

  2. Have this on your desk for EVERY question involving math. EVERY FORMULA YOU NEED IS ON THE CHART. You won’t ALWAYS use all the numbers given. Eliminate bad answers. ALWAYS use your calculator!!!! FORMULAS Constants & Conversions Ruler

  3. SPEED describes how fast an object moves. • Average velocity (speed) is the change of position of an object over time. Velocity is a vector quantity that includes direction. Speed (v) = Distance Time

  4. Acceleration Change in velocity over change in time a =final velocity – initial velocity ∆T (slope) Units for acceleration m/s/s or m/s2

  5. The speed of sound in human tissue is about 1600 m/s. If an ultrasound pulse takes 1.5 x 10-5s to travel through a tissue, what is the thickness of the tissue? TIME • A 2.4 km • B 2.4 m • C 23 cm • D 24 mm Speed = distance time 1600m/s = distance 1.5 x 10-5 s .024m = distance DISTANCE

  6. The table above shows experimental data collected when four cars moved along a straight-line path. According to these data, which car moved with a constant acceleration of 2 m/s2 ? You can immediately eliminate Q & R…WHY? a =final velocity – initial velocity ∆T A Car Q B Car R C Car S D Car T A(carS) = 4m/s-2m/s = 2m/s 2s-1s 1s Use this method to check car S & car T.

  7. Newton’s 1stLaw of Motion A body in motion will remain in motion. A body at rest will remain at rest. UNLESS there is a force acting on that object.

  8. Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion Force = mass x acceleration

  9. Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion For every action (force) there is an equal and opposite reaction (force).

  10. Friction A force that acts in a direction opposite to the motion of two surfaces in contact with each other.

  11. MOMENTUM • The effect of motion is momentum. • Momentum = Mass x Velocity

  12. Work • Work: amount of energy transferred by a force • W = F x d • The work done by forces on an object = changes in energy for that object. • Work and Energy are measured in Joules • 1 Joule=1 Newton • meter

  13. Machines use power • Power: the rate at which energy is used (work is done) • P=Work/time • Power is measured in H.P. or watts • 1 watt = 1 Joule 1 sec

  14. SIMPLE MACHINESmake WORK easier

  15. 3 Classes of LEVERS (Resistance)

  16. The human bicep muscle is a classic example of a third class lever. Similar analogies can be drawn from almost all joints in the human body.

  17. % Efficiency • NO MACHINE IS 100% efficient. • Energy is lost as HEAT!!! %efficiency = work output X 100 work input

  18. WAVES Velocity of a wave = frequency x wavelength (m/s) (Hz) (m) ν = ƒ x 

  19. ENERGY = mass x (speed of light)2 KINETIC ENERGY- energy of motion KE= ½ (mass x velocity)2 GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL ENERGY PE= mass x acceleration due x height to gravity

  20. Electricity – flow of electrical charge Current = Voltage / Resistance Electrical Power = Voltage x Current Electrical energy = power x time

  21. Convection, Conduction, and Radiation • Convection- Heat transfer by the mass movement of molecules

  22. Convection, Conduction, and Radiation • Conduction- Heat transfer by the collision of molecules that are in contact

  23. Convection, Conduction, and Radiation • Radiation- Heat transfer with no physical contact

  24. Convection, Conduction, and Radiation .

  25. PRACTICE WITH YOUR FORMULA CHART • EVERY FORMULA YOU NEED IS ON THE CHART. • You won’t ALWAYS use all the numbers given. • Eliminate bad answers. • ALWAYS use your calculator!!!!

  26. Density of an object is 1.25 g/ml at 20°C and the mass is 4 g, what is the volume?

  27. An object falling from the sky traveled 4000 m in 8 seconds, what is the speed of the object?

  28. A car accelerates from 0 m/s to 100 m/s in 5 seconds. What is the acceleration of the car?

  29. A 0.75 kg ball is thrown with a velocity of 40 m/s, what is the momentum of the ball?

  30. A 25 kg rock is increasing in velocity from 0 m/s to 50 m/s in 10 seconds. What is the rock’s force?

  31. If a box is moved 5 m with a force of 100 N, how much work is done?

  32. How much power is the result of completing 5000 J of work in 30 seconds?

  33. What is the % efficiency of a machine if the work output is 40 J and the work input is 50 J?

  34. What is the kinetic energy of a 100 kg object traveling a 5 m/s?

  35. What is the potential energy of a 50 kg rock sitting on top of a 75 m cliff?

  36. What is the velocity of a wave with a frequency of 1000 hz and a wavelength of 0.00000045 m?

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