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CTA Status and Plans

CTA Status and Plans. 4 th MultiDark Workshop, Contacts with Industry IFT, Madrid. April 2011. Juan Abel Barrio. CTA: Cherenkov Telescope Array. One observatory with two (asymmetric) sites for all-sky coverage operated by one consortium. Scientific Motivation. Project status.

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CTA Status and Plans

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  1. CTA Status and Plans 4th MultiDark Workshop, Contacts with Industry IFT, Madrid. April 2011 Juan Abel Barrio

  2. CTA: Cherenkov Telescope Array One observatory with two (asymmetric) sites for all-sky coverage operated by one consortium

  3. Scientific Motivation Project status Plans for construction & operation CTA-Spain contribution Proposal: CTA-North at Spain

  4. Cosmic electromagnetic spectrum 1 eV 1012 eV = 1 TeV

  5. The VHE gamma-ray sky has open-up … First VHE g-ray source The Crab Nebula 1989, Whipple Over 350 publications in prestigious journals 12 publications in Science and Nature

  6. Project status

  7. Worldwide Unifying European Efforts

  8. CTA Timeline Design Design Study 2007-2010 Preparatory Phase 2010-2013 Array Construction 2014-2018 Design Concepts for CTA (arXiv:1008.3703v1) “Production-Ready” Technical Design Report

  9. Low-energy section: • 4 x 23 m tel. (LST) • - Parabolic reflector • FOV: 4-5 degrees • f/D: ~1.2 • energy threshold • of some 10 GeV • Core-energy array: • 23 x 12 m tel. (MST) • Davies-Cotton reflector • FOV: 7-8 degrees • f/D: ~1.4 • mCrab sensitivity • in the 100 GeV–10 TeV • domain • High-energy section: • 32 x 5-6 m tel. (SST) • Davies-Cotton reflector • (or Schwarzschild-Couder) • FOV: ~10 degrees • f/D: 1.2 – 1.5 • 10 km2 area at • multi-TeV energies CTA Layout (one) possible configuration 100 M€ (2006 costs)

  10. ~10 km ~ 1o Cherenkov light ~ 120 m Cherenkov telescopes Operation principle γ Effective area ~104 m2 Background rejection EAS

  11. ~10 km ~ 1o Cherenkov light Cherenkov telescopes Operation principle γ Effective area ~104 m2 Background rejection ++ Enhanced reconstruction Effective area ~104 m2 Background rejection EAS

  12. CTA in numbers • CTA Consortium: above 550 researchers from over 120 groups from about 80 Institutions from 22 countries (16 European) (Until May 2010) + USA, India, Brazil, Slovenia, Marseille -> over 700 people • CTA Observatory sites: • One in the South O(100 MEuros) -> Argentina, Namibia, South-Africa • Another in the North O(50 MEuros) -> Spain, Mexico,… • CTA Telescopes: O(100) altogether • South Observatory: O(5) LST, O(30) MST, O(30) SST in ~3x3 Km2 • North Observatory: O(5) LST, O(30) MST in ~1x1 Km2 • CTA dates: • CDR: May 2010 / TDR: End 2013 • Construction start: 2013-2014 / end: 2018-19

  13. Plans for construction and operation

  14. Medium &small-sized telescopes MST SST

  15. Large-sized telescopes LST

  16. Camera elements

  17. Foam glass replica Diamond-milled Aluminum sandwich (MAGIC-I) Composites (carbon-fibre epoxy) Cold-slumped glass replica (MAGIC II) • Sizeable part of costs • Challenges • 10000 m2 • Produce them in time ! • Replica techniques to be proven: Mirrors Glass mirrors (H.E.S.S.)

  18. Active Mirror Control

  19. Operation and control

  20. CTA Spain structure and contribution

  21. CTA-Spain Consortium in numbers • 8 groups (so far) from different fields: Madrid, Barcelona, IAC • Personnel: 70 researchers and 50 EDPs (about 10% of the whole CTA, 12,5% EDPs). • 5 Ramón y Cajal Fellows • Cooperation with enterprises: GTD, INSA, etc. • Funding so far (up 2013): 3.2 M€

  22. CTA-Spain Contributions • Large Size Telescope  Low energy threshold physics • (very demanding) • Advanced front-end and analog-to-digital electronics • Advanced trigger development • Advanced photosensors • Telescope structure • Atmospheric characterization  Reduce systematic uncertainties • New atmospheric monitoring instrumentation • New calibration instrumentation • SITE characterization • Data Model and Reduction

  23. New camera concepts (IFAE, CIEMAT, UB, UCM-GAE, UCM-ELEC) Slow control (IFAE) Mechanics (IFAE, CIEMAT, UCM-ELEC) Timing (UCM-ELEC) Quality control (UCM-ELEC) L0 (IFAE) L1 - Decision (UCM-GAE) L1- Distrib. (CIEMAT) Camera design and prototyping Camera Cluster Electronics Mechanics (CIEMAT) Readout PreAmp (UB) Digitizing (French & italian groups) Photosensors (CIEMAT) (UB) (UCM-GAE) (UCM-ELEC) (IFAE) Trigger

  24. Proposal for CTA-North at Spain

  25. CTA-North at Spain • CTA-North features • Scientific aim: extragalactic physics, pulsars and dark matter • Low threshold: ~5 LST, ~30 MST  area ~1x1 km2 • Lower cost (~80 M€) than CTA-South • Probable proposed sites: Arizona (US), Sierra Negra (México), India ? • CTA-North at Spain • Positive experience with HEGRA and MAGIC • Great benefits for Spanish scientific community and industry • Proposed site: Izaña Observatory (IAC), Tenerife

  26. CTA-North at Spain

  27. Conclusions • Improve sensitivity (factor ~10) and energy coverage (20 GeV-100 TeV) • Merge efforts by different experimental groups (HESS, MAGIC, VERITAS) and the astrophysics community. Currently ~1000 people. • World wide effort: CTA = Cherenkov Telescope Array. • Entering now in the Preparatory Phase within FP7 Prototyping • Challenging instruments  Opportunities for industry • Proposal for CTA-North in Spain  Opportunities for Spanish industry

  28. Conclusions (Not to scale)

  29. Backup

  30. TeV Astronomy: Highlights Over 350 publications in prestigious journals: • Microquasars:Science 309, 746 (2005), Science 312, 1771 (2006) • Pulsars: Science 322, 1221 (2008) • Supernova remnants:Nature 432, 75 (2004) • The Galactic Centre: Nature 439, 695 (2006) • Galactic Survey: Science 307, 1839 (2005) • Starbursts: Nature 462, 770 (2009), Science 326,1080 (2009) • AGN: Science 314,1424 (2006), Science 325, 444 (2009) • EBL:Nature 440, 1018 (2006), Science 320, 752 (2008) • Dark Matter:Phys Rev Letters 96, 221102 (2006) • Lorentz Invariance: Phys Rev Letters 101, 170402 (2008) • Cosmic Ray Electrons: Phys Rev Letters (2009)

  31. Fermi - 1 1 1 0 Crab E.F(>E) [TeV/cm2s] - 1 2 10% Crab 1 0 MAGIC-I - 1 3 1 0 H.E.S.S. 1% Crab E (GeV) - 1 4 1 0 4 5 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 CTA wish list High-z AGNs, pulsars, Dark Matter Exploring the cutoff regime of cosmic accelerators CTA Population studies, extended sources, precision measurements

  32. CTA reviewed at many levels • CTA listed as priority in international roadmaps of: • ASTRONET (European Astrophysics Coordination) • ASPERA (European Astroparticles Coordination) • ApPEC Targeted DS Common Call -> Up to €2.7M • ESFRI (European Strategic Forum for Research Infrastructures) • EU FP7 Preparatory Phase approved -> Up to €5.2M • Astroparticle WG of GSF (OECD)  CTA worldwide project • USA  PASAG and Decadal Review • At the Spanish level: • Project included in the MICINN roadmap as “High Priority” • RIA (Red de Infraestructuras de Astronomia) CTA group

  33. Preparing for CTA Organisation (Governance, Finance, Legal…) Construction (Finalise Design/Implementation plans, Site selection/development) Operation (Observatory, Data, …) Technical work Science-based optimisation of the observatory, detailed design work, down-selection of the many hardware options Monte-Carlo simulations, data analysis development, physics/astrophysics studies, mechanical and electronic engineering The Preparatory Phase

  34. CTA Data flow Observatory storage Pre-reduct. Lev0 --> Lev1a-->Lev1b Data Retrieval Interface Reduction Calibration Lev1b --> Lev2a Phot. List(Lev 2b) Calib. Files cuts Scien. Products (skymap, spec., LC) High Level Data Interface MWL-IA 3 MC 2 1

  35. Large-size telescope system int. Medium-size telescope system int. Small-size telescope system int. LST structure and mirror MST structure and mirror SST structure and mirror LST focal plane instrumentation MST focal plane instrumentation SST focal plane instrumentation “Vertical” WPs Supported by CTA-PP Technical project coordination Instrument simulation Telescope structures and drive systems “Horizontal” WPs Mirror facets, mirror alignment … Instrument control and data acquisition

  36. The Spanish Coordinated Project for CTA Areas of interest: Physics ( ALL ) Atmosphere and calibration ( IFAE, UAB ) Trigger and electronics ( ICC-UB, IFAE, UCM-GAE, UCM-ELEC ) * Monte Carlo (design) ( IFAE, CIEMAT ) * Mechanics (CIEMAT, IFAE) * - Data ( ICE-IEEC, UCM-GAE, ICC-UB ) Quality Control ( UCM-ELEC ) Site & Outreach ( IAC, IFAE, UCM-GAE) -

  37. Posibles sitios en España 3 Obs. Izaña, Tenerife: • Ventajas: sitio astronómico consolidado, infraestructura astronómica ya existente, bien caracterizado, cercanía a sede del IAC en La Laguna. • Desventajas: ?? Falta una cierta caracterización de los sitios concretos 1 & 2.

  38. O. Izaña Sitio 1 1 km Sitio 2 Sitio 1 probablemente limitado por orografía a <1 km2.

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