Cristián Bordachar Rodrigo Cueto

1. Chile Cristián Bordachar Rodrigo Cueto

2. Chile The Republic of Chile is a democratic country in South America between Andes Mountains and The Pacific Ocean

3. Chile It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage at the country's southernmost tip. The Pacific forms the country's entire western border, with a coastline that stretches over 6,435 kilometres.[

4. Chile Chilean territory extends to the Pacific Ocean which includes the overseas territories of Juan Fernandez Islands, the Salas and Gomez Islands, the Desventuradas Islands and Easter Island located in Polynesia.

5. Chile The President of Chile is Michelle Bachelet She served as Health Minister and Defense Minister under President Ricardo Lagos until the year 2006 when she won the elections, being the first woman democratically elected to be President in South America.

6. Chile The Chilean population is near 17.000.000. people. About 85% of the country's population lives in urban areas, with 40% living in Santiago, the capital city.

7. Chile The 95% of Chilean population is conformed by white people (Spanish, Italian, Irish, French, German, English, Swiss or Croatian descents), and mestizos (derives from the racial mixture between colonial settlers and indigenous tribes), while a minor amount are indigenous people.

8. Chile Our country is divided into 15 regions, each of which is headed by an Intendant appointed by the President of Chile. Every region is further divided into provinces, with a Provincial Governor also appointed by the president. Finally each province is divided into communes which are administered by municipalities, each with its own Mayor and councilmen elected by their inhabitants for four years.

9. Chile Chile's unusual shape, 4,300 kilometres (2,700 mi) long and on average 175 kilometres (109 mi) wide, has given it a varied climate, ranging from the world's driest desert (Atacama) in the north…

10. Chile …through a Mediterranean climate in the centre…

11. Chile … to a cold polar climate in the south (Patagonia), with glaciers, fjords, and lakes-[

12. Chile Language: Spanish Economy: Foreign Trade --> exports of goods and services Americas (42%) – Asia (30%) – Europe (24%) Cooper Wood Fresh Fruits Processed Food Sea Food Wine

13. ORAL HEALTH SCIENCE EDUCATIONCountry reportChile • Organization and main task: • Commune Health Services • La Cruz/ Villa Sur: • Autonomus and public corporations with legal personality and own patrimony, whose purpose is to bring primary dental care to patients enrolled in the Public Health Sistem. • The health of each community is a shared role between the General Chilean Government, MINSAL(Health Ministry of Chile) and the City Halls. All the City Halls have Healthcare Departments in charge of the Health Programs, and they are destined to improve the wellbeing of the population.

14. ORAL HEALTH SCIENCE EDUCATIONCountry reportChile • Organization chart: Mayor City Hall Healthcare Department`s Director Public Health Center Director Subdirector Dentists Administrative Personnel Dental assistants

15. ORAL HEALTH SCIENCE EDUCATIONCountry reportChile Number of dentist and its ratio with respect to population size in Chile • According to the latest national survey(2003), a total of 2615 dentist practiced in the public dental network with 33,2 average contract hours, equivalent to 6,64 hours per day. • Considering that the total population registered at the Public Dental Health Services is approximately 11.510.000, that means that there are near 4400 patients per dentist. • The number of dentist at the central regions of the country, its considerably bigger than in the extreme regions, being directly related with population damage.

16. ORAL HEALTH SCIENCE EDUCATIONCountry reportChile Present situation and trend of the dental disease in our country About 100% of the population of all ages suffers from dental diseases like cavities and gingival disease. Considering that patient´s quality of life is directly affected, oral health recovering has become one of the main priorities of the Government so in 1990 the “Oral Health Department” was created.

17. ORAL HEALTH SCIENCE EDUCATIONCountry reportChile Present situation and trend of the dental disease in our country • According to the latest studies: • At 4 years old: • 50% of public students present cavities • 6.2% present gum disease. • 49.2% present dentomaxilar anomalies. • Betwen 6 and 8 years old: • 85% present cavities • 2.5 deciduous teeth affected by caries • 0.9 teeth with restorations • 1.5 deciduous teeth missed by cavities • 1 permanent tooth affected with caries. 37.7% present gum disease.

18. ORAL HEALTH SCIENCE EDUCATIONCountry reportChile Present situation and trend of the dental disease in our country • According to the latest studies: • At 12 years old: • 86% present cavities • 2.5 teeth cavity damage • 0.9 teeth with restorations • 0.2 teeth lost by cavities • 41.1% present gum disease. • Adult population (35 – 74 years old) • 98% present cavities • 9.5 of their teeth are with cavity damage • 6 teeth with any kind of restoration • 10 lost teeth by cavities • 99% present gum disease. • 33.4% of the population over 65 years old are completely toothless. • 60% of the adult population present DMA

19. ORAL HEALTH SCIENCE EDUCATIONVilla Sur Commune Health Center • Some measures adopted by the government: • Before 2 years old, priority is given to brushing and cleaning teeth, and education to the parents about dental care. • 2 and 4 years old, dental check-up, parents education strengthening and motivating the consumption of a non-cariogenic diet, and procedures if required. • 6 and 12 years old, sealants campaigns, restorations, endodontics and extractions if required until discharge.

20. ORAL HEALTH SCIENCE EDUCATIONVilla Sur Commune Health Center • Integral dental treatment for adults of over 60 years of age. Prevention and rehabilitation procedures required until discharge including prosthetics if necessary • Some ambulatory dental emergency covered by the national health service: • Abcess in buco-maxillary anatomical areas. • Odontogenic orocervicofacial abscess. • Odontogenic submucuous or subperiostic abscess. • Acute necrotizing ulcerous gingivitis with danger to general health. • Post exodontic complications. • Dentoalveolar traumas. • Pericoronaritis. • Pulpitis.

21. Región de Valparaíso

22. La Cruz Commune Health Center

23. La Cruz Commune Health Center JUNAEB Program: Created to improve the condition of high social risk students from 4 to 18 years old that come from public and rural schools. The purpose is to give them the necessary tools like, food benefit, general medical attention, ophthalmological and dental treatments, in order to increase their school performance, and to diminish their vulnerability and scholar desertion.

24. La Cruz Commune Health Center JUNAEB Program:

25. La Cruz Commune Health Center JUNAEB Program:

26. La Cruz Commune Health Center JUNAEB Program:

27. La Cruz Commune Health Center JUNAEB Program:

28. La Cruz Commune Health Center JUNAEB Program:

29. La Cruz Commune Health Center JUNAEB Program:

30. ORAL HEALTH SCIENCE EDUCATIONCountry reportChile Common problems among our Public Health Centers: • High prevalence of cavities, periodontal disease and dentomaxilar anomalies. • Lack of resources to solve the previous pathologies. • Non digitalization of the administrative information. • Lack of education of patients making pathologies difficult to treat. • Centralization of the human resources at central country regions. • Lack actualization courses developed in other region beside Santiago.

31. Proposed action plan • Share new knowledge acquired during this course, with other dentist working with us in order to unify medical opinions. • Invest more human and economical resources to make updated educational campaigns among specific groups of children, including parents and teachers. • Monitoring these groups during a certain quantity of time, in order to secure the success of our action plan. • Computerize the patients medical registration in order to make it easier, faster and more organized.