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World War II

World War II. Italy. March 23, 1919 Benito Mussolini formed the basis for the Fascist Party Oct. 28, 1922 March on Rome; Mussolini took power in Italy. Soviet Union (USSR). 1922 Soviet Union formed under V.I. Lenin 1924 Lenin died; Trotsky and Stalin vie for power

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World War II

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  1. World War II

  2. Italy • March 23, 1919 Benito Mussolini formed the basis for the Fascist Party • Oct. 28, 1922 March on Rome; Mussolini took power in Italy

  3. Soviet Union (USSR) • 1922 Soviet Union formed under V.I. Lenin • 1924 Lenin died; Trotsky and Stalin vie for power • 1928 Stalin began forced industrialization (Five Year Plan) • 1929 Stalin became dictator • 1932-1933 Famine created in the Ukraine and other Soviet satellites

  4. Germany 1919-1923 • Weimar Republic • Social and political unrest • Military occupation of western regions of Germany • Economic hardships • Freikorps

  5. Adolf Hitler • Born near Linz, Austria on April 20,1889 • Early life • Enlisted in the German army in 1914, and served throughout WW I. Decorated with the Iron Cross. • Remained in the army after the war. • Sent to spy on small German Worker’s Party (DAP)

  6. Hitler • 1920 Changed name of the party to the National Socialist German Worker’s Party (NSDAP) • Nov. 8-9, 1923 Beer Hall Putsch • Hitler spent 8 months in prison for his role in the putsch. • Mein Kampf

  7. Nazi Rise to Power 1925-1933 • 1925 Restructuring of the NSDAP • SA • Legal election. • 1929 Great Depression • By 1930 Nazis were the second largest party in Germany • Jan. 30, 1933 Hitler became chancellor

  8. Nazis in Power 1933-1934 • Feb. 27, 1933 Reichstag fire • March 23, 1933 Enabling Act • SS Heinrich Himmler • June 30, 1934 Night of the Long Knives • Aug. 2, 1934 Hindenburg died; Hitler in sole power.

  9. Road to war 1935-1939 • 1935 Versailles Treaty renounced; Germany began rearmament • March 13, 1936 Rhineland reoccupied • Spanish Civil War 1936-1939 • March 1938 Austria annexed • Sept. 28, 1938 Sudetenland • March 1939 Czechoslovakia annexed

  10. War • Aug. 23, 1939 Nazi-Soviet Pact • Sept.1, 1939 Poland invaded • Sept. 3 Britain and France declared war • Sept. 17 Soviets invaded eastern Poland • Sept. 27 Poland surrendered

  11. Poland 1939

  12. Western Front 1939-May 1940 • Sept. 1939- April 1940 Phony War • April 1940 Wehrmacht invaded Denmark and Norway • May 1940 Belgium and the Netherlands invaded • May 10 France invaded through the Ardennes Forest • May 26 OPN DYNAMO • June 22 France surrendered

  13. Battle of Britain • Began July 10, 1940 after Churchill declined to negotiate peace • First battle fought entirely in the air • Luftwaffe 2800 planes Royal Air Force 700 • Radar and command and control stations • Sept. 7 Beginning of the Blitz. • Oct. Luftwaffe switched to night bombing.

  14. Balkans 1940-1941 • Oct. 28, 1940 Italy invaded Greece • April 1941 British troops arrive in Greece • April 1941 Yugoslavia and Greece overrun by Wehrmacht • May 20-June 1 Battle of Crete

  15. OPERATION BARBAROSSA JUNE 22, 1941 • 116 divisions (14 motorized), 19 panzer divisions, 9 support divisions • Set for April, but postponed until June due to Greek and Yugoslav operations • June 22 Invasion • 2000 Soviet planes destroyed in 1 week • Siege of Leningrad Sept. 1941-Jan. 1944

  16. Russia Oct.- Dec. 1941 • Georgy Zhukov appointed head of the Red Army • Oct. 19 Moscow declared under siege • Russian winter • Dec. 5 Russian counteroffensive • Germans driven 40 miles from Moscow

  17. Russia 1941

  18. Japan 1937-1941 • July 28, 1937 Japan invaded China • US declared an embargo on Japanese war material • Sept. 27, 1940 Japan joins the Axis powers • Yamato and Musashi

  19. Pearl Harbor Dec. 7, 1941 • Pearl Harbor attacked by aircraft from 4 carriers • Arizona, Oklahoma, West Virginia, California sunk • 18 damaged ships total, 188 aircraft, 3581 US service personnel and civilians killed • Japanese losses totaled 50 men and 30 aircraft • US declared war on Dec. 8; Dec. 11 Germany and Italy declared war on US

  20. Pearl Harbor

  21. US and Japanese Naval Power

  22. Pacific War 1942 • The Philippeans fell to the Japanese on May 6,1942 • Bataan Death March • April 18 Doolittle Raid • May 2-7 Battle of the Coral Sea • June 4-6 Battle of Midway • Aug. 7- Feb. 7, 1943 Battle of Guadalcanal

  23. 1942 Pacific

  24. Pacific Losses 1942 • Battle of the Coral Sea May 7-8 • US: 1carrier, 66 aircraft, 543 men killed • Japan: 1 carrier, 77 aircraft, 1074 men killed • Battle of Midway June 4-7 • US: 1 carrier, 147 aircraft, 307 men • Japan: 4 carriers, 1 cruiser, 272 aircraft, 3500 men • Gaudalcanal August 7-February 9, 1943 • US: 1600 killed, 4200 wounded • Japan: 23,000 killed, 1000 prisoners

  25. Battle for Africa 1942-1943 • AfrikaKorps under Erwin Rommel • Aug. 13 Bernard Montgomery • Oct. 23- Nov. 5, 1942 Battle of El Alamein • Nov. 8, 1942 OPN TORCH • May 7, 1943 Germans defeated in Africa

  26. Russia 1942-1943 • Spring 1942 German Sixth Army began a drive to Stalingrad • Aug. 19 First attacks on Stalingrad • Fierce house to house fighting • Nov. 19 Russian counteroffensive encircles German Sixth Army • Hitler orders Sixth Army to hold its ground • Dec. 23 German relief attempt ends in failure • Feb. 3, 1943 Von Paulus surrendered • Germans resurgent • July 5-23, 1943 Battle of Kursk

  27. Russian Front 1942-1943

  28. Eastern Front LossesSept-July 1943 • Battle of Stalingrad Sept.-Jan. 1943 • Germans 207,000 killed or wounded, 93,000 taken prisoner • Soviets 480,000 killed and missing • Battle of Kursk July 5-13, 1943 • Germans 50,000 killed 323 tanks destroyed • Soviets 177,880 killed 1614 tanks destroyed

  29. Italy 1943-1944 • July 9- Aug. 7, 1943 OPN HUSKY • Sept. 3, 1943 Italy surrendered • Winter 1943- May 11, 1944 Battles for Monte Cassino • Jan. 22, 1944 Anzio • June 4, 1944 Rome captured

  30. Air Warfare 1943-1945 Europe

  31. Tanks of World War II1944 Western Front

  32. Battle for France 1944 • June 6 D-Day • July 3 OPN Cobra • July 20 Bomb Plot nearly Kills Hitler • Aug. 19-25 Battle for Paris • Sept. 17-25 OPN MARKET-GARDEN • Dec. 16-Jan. 25, 1945 Battle of the Bulge

  33. 1944

  34. 1944 Pacific • June 15 Saipan • June 19-20 Battle of the Philippean Sea “Great Marianas Turkey Shoot” • July-Sept. Guam and Peleliu fell to US • Oct. 23-26 Battle of Leyte Gulf

  35. 1945 Europe • Jan-April Russians push into eastern Europe • Feb. 4-11 Yalta Conference • March-April US and British forces cross the Rhine into Germany • April 22 Russians reach Berlin • April 25 US and Russian troops meet at Torgau • April 30 Hitler committed suicide • May 2 Berlin surrendered as did Germans in Italy • May 7-8 VE Day

  36. 1945 Europe

  37. Europe 1944-1945 • Battle for France June 6-August 25 • Allied: 43,000 killed, 172,000 wounded • Germans: 509,000 killed, wounded and captured • OPN Bagration June 22-August 29,1944 • Germans: 350,000 killed wounded and captured • Soviets: 178,000 killed, 587,000 wounded • Battle of the Bulge Dec. 16-Jan. 16, 1945 • US: 81,000 killed wounded or captured • Germans 100,000 killed wounded or captured • Battle of Berlin April16-May 2, 1945 • Germans: 500,000 killed wounded or captured • Soviets: 81,000 killed, 272,000 wounded

  38. 1945 Pacific • Jan. 9 US troops land in the Philippeans • Feb. 19-Mar. 26 Battle of Iwo Jima • April 1-June 23 Battle of Okinawa • Aug. 6 Hiroshima • Aug. 9 Nagasaki • Sept. 2 VJ Day

  39. 1945 Pacific

  40. Pacific 1945 • Iwo Jima Feb. 19-March 26 • US: 6,821 killed 19,217 wounded • Japan: 20,867 killed, 1,083 captured • Okinawa April 1-June 30 • US: 12,000 killed, 36,000 wounded • Japan 107,539 killed, 23,764 sealed in caves or buried, 10,755 captured

  41. Nazi War CrimesThe Holocaust • 1935 Nuremburg Laws • Nov. 9, 1938 Kristallnacht • 1940-1945 Ghettos and mass deportations to eastern Europe • 1941-1943 Einsatzgruppen • Jan 20, 1942 Wannsee Conference • 1942-1945 Concentration Camps • Auschwitz, Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka, Dachau, Bergen-Belsen • Nov. 14, 1945-Oct. 1, 1946 Nuremburg Trials

  42. Nazi Atrocities

  43. Holocaust

  44. Aftermath of World War II • Allies • 14,000,000 military deaths • 36,000,000 civilian deaths • 6,000,000 Jews murdered by Nazis • Axis • 8,000,000 military deaths • 4,000,000 civilian deaths • 72,000,000 total deaths for all of World War II

  45. Legacy of world War 2 • The United States And the soviet Union emerge as superpowers • World leaders can be held for crimes their soldiers commit • Beginning of the atomic age • Start of the cold war • Marshall plan • Truman doctrine

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