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Austrian Empire Francis Josef

Austrian Empire Francis Josef. Magyars in Hungary. Germans in Austria. Czechs in Bohemia. Italians in Lombardy and Venetia. Serbs and Coats in Serbia. 1859 and 1867. Austrian Empire Francis Josef. War with France and Sardinia Loss of Lombardy. 1859. Austro-Prussian War

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Austrian Empire Francis Josef

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  1. Austrian EmpireFrancis Josef Magyars in Hungary Germans in Austria Czechs in Bohemia Italians in Lombardy and Venetia Serbs and Coats in Serbia 1859 and 1867

  2. Austrian EmpireFrancis Josef War with France and Sardinia Loss of Lombardy 1859 Austro-Prussian War Founding of North German Confederation 1867

  3. Britain France Piedmont-Sardinia Russia Crimean War (1854-1858) • Was it a mistake for Austria to stay out of this conflict?

  4. Austro-Hungarian Dual EmpireAusgleich Franz Josef • Emperor of Austria • King of Hungary Austria Vienna Parliament Governing ministries Slavs Czechs Poles Hungary Budapest Parliament Governing ministries Slavs Czechs Serbs

  5. German Unification Why were German states separate?

  6. German Unification Why did German states unify?

  7. German Confederation Collection of over 300 different states, cities and towns organized under Austrian Leadership

  8. Congress of Vienna • Peace treaties that ended the Napoleonic Wars • Prince Clemens von Metternich (Habsburg Diplomat) argues for German Confederation of separate German-speaking states

  9. German Trading Union – Zollverein • Creates economic unity by dissolving tariff barriers

  10. “Theory of the Gap” vs “Unitary Presidency” • The executive branch shall construe section 8104, relating to integration of foreign intelligence information, in a manner consistent with the President's constitutional authority as Commander in Chief, including for the conduct of intelligence operations, and to supervise the unitary executive branch. Also, the executive branch shall construe sections 8106 and 8119 of the Act, which purport to prohibit the President from altering command and control relationships within the Armed Forces, as advisory, as any other construction would be inconsistent with the constitutional grant to the President of the authority of Commander in Chief.

  11. How can a tariff can make your economy stronger? Making imported goods cost more than products made within a country

  12. What is closest Germany came to unification before Bismarck?

  13. Frankfurt Assembly 1848 • Offers Frederick William IV (king of Prussia) the crown of a united Germany • Frederick rejects the “crown from the gutter”

  14. Frederick William IV, reigned 1840–1861 • William I, reigned 1861–1888 (since 1871 - German emperor) • Frederick III 1888 • William II 1888–1918

  15. Otto von BismarckIron Chancellor • Junker – conservative landowning noble class • Chancellor under King William I in 1862 • Prussia 1st, Prussia 2nd and Prussia 3rd

  16. Bismarck and Realpolitik • Realistic politics based on practical and realistic goals rather than ideological or ethical goals • Ends justified the means in politics

  17. “For the state, in contrast to the individual, self-preservation is the supreme law. The state must survive at any price; it cannot go into the poorhouse, it cannot beg, it cannot commit suicide; in short, it must take wherever it can find the essentials of life.”

  18. Victory in three WarsWar Number 1 - Schleswig-Holstein War 1864 • Combined forces of Austria and Prussia liberate Schleswig-Holstein from Denmark • Austria to administer Schleswig and Prussia to administer Holstein

  19. War Number 2Austro-Prussia War • Prussia wins Sevens Weeks War • Prussia annexes (takes over) several north German states

  20. Question for Bismarck – Victory Parade in Vienna • Would it make sense for Bismarck to celebrate the victory of the Austrian’s with a parade and celebration in their capital city?

  21. War Number 3Franco- Prussia War • Bismarck invents need for war with EMS Telegram • Prussia armies win quick war against France and capture the king of France, Napoleon III

  22. German Empire Declared January 1871 North and South German states accept King William I or Prussia as their Kaiser (emperor)

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