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Get thinking.....together.....

Get thinking.....together. In your group agree a response to the following: 1. What are the duties of a doctor, teacher and a student. 2. Suggest 3 reasons why individuals should do their duty?. Get thinking ..... Individually.

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Get thinking.....together.....

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  1. Get thinking.....together..... • In your group agree a response to the following: • 1. What are the duties of a doctor, teacher and a student. • 2. Suggest 3 reasons why individuals should do their duty?

  2. Get thinking ..... Individually..... • 1. Explain what ‘duty’ is and offer at least one example to support your idea. • 2. Explain whether a sense of duty falls into absolutist or relativist ethics.

  3. The Categorical Imperative Immanuel Kant’s contribution to Ethics 1724-1804

  4. Times changed from Aquina’s period....The Enlightenment: A new departure in Ethical Thinking • Challenge to established teachings of Christianity • Move away from accepted traditions • Away from Church authority – move to grounding all ethical ideas in the Bible • Increase in literacy

  5. What was Kant looking for? • A universal law that would apply to anyone in any situation • Rejected emotional basis as cloudy • Embraced power of reason as universal • Focus on a person’s intentions • Key concept: DUTY

  6. How can we work out what is right & wrong? Imagine that a shop keeper could short change his customers…. We know that it’s wrong But HOW do we know that it’s wrong There are three options…

  7. [1] inclination [2] consequence [3] duty I don’t want to short change people People would stop using my shop I have a duty not to short change Why should the shopkeeper not short change his customers? Duty is the basis for ethics Good outcomes might result from evil actions, and vice versa. Consequences cannot be the basis of what makes something morally right. Morality cannot depend on feelings. Feelings change.

  8. Duty A person’s duty is to perform actions that are morally required , and avoid actions that are morally forbidden – we do it because it is right, not because of the consequences it may bring, we do it for duty itself. What are the possible reasons that is this girl helping the older lady across the road? Which of your reasons might fulfil the duty criteria?

  9. ‘There is no such thing as a sense of duty in humankind’ • Give 2 points both for and against this statement. • Then chose the side you agree with and say why.

  10. The highest form of good is a good will – to have good will is to do one’s DUTY ‘’Good will shines forth like a precious jewel’’

  11. What does Kant mean by ‘Good Will’? • Doing one’s duty, which is to perform morally good actions and avoid morally bad ones. • Why do we do our duty – because it is our duty? • To perform an action because we desire a consequence, is not morally good. ie. to tell the truth because it is in our interests is not moral – we tell the truth because it is right and our duty.

  12. Kantian Ethics THE ULTIMATE END SUMMUM BONUM The supreme good we seek through moral behaviour Emotions Moral law within virtue Duty = + happiness (comes from doing your duty)

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