EOS Direct Broadcast at SSEC

1. EOS Direct Broadcast at SSEC Liam Gumley, Tom Rink, Kathy Strabala, Elizabeth Weisz, Allen Huang, Jun Li Space Science and Engineering Center University of Wisconsin-Madison MODIS Atmosphere Group, 18 March 2002

2. Terra Direct Broadcast • 10:30 am local descending • MODIS only • Deep Space Network conflict (Goldstone, Madrid, Canberra)

3. Aqua Direct Broadcast • 1:30 pm local ascending • MODIS, AIRS/AMSU/HSB, AMSR-E, CERES • No Deep Space Network conflict • Polar Ground Station conflict

4. International Ground Stations • Locations: • Stations exist on every continent, except Antarctica (changing soon) • More than 75 stations worldwide (14 stations in Beijing alone) • ESA has 5 stations; Russia has 12; Australia has 3 • Many commercial vendors (US and foreign) are involved • Advantages for international users: • Local control and priorities • Nowcasting of local phenomena (e.g., fires, floods, severe weather) • Not dependent on Internet connectivity to DAAC • Can use the latest technology to move local science forward

5. Coverage of DFD Receiving Station (DLR Germany)

6. Terra MODIS NDVI composite 250 m (WASTAC Australia)

7. Ice in the Barents Sea; Kolguev Island (ScanEx Moscow)

8. SSEC Ground Station SeaSpace SX-EOS 4.4 m antenna: First pass acquired 2000/08/18 Overpass prediction 2003/03/18

9. Terra MODIS, 21 January 2003 SSEC Direct Broadcast

10. MODIS 250 meter natural color

11. EOS Direct Broadcast at SSEC • Objectives:Routine acquisition and processing of EOS direct broadcast data. Distribution of processing software. • Accomplishments: • March 14, 2003: 4200 Terra passes and 675 Aqua passes acquired and processed. • Level 1B and Level 2 data produced automatically since January, 2001 and made available via anonymous FTP, DODS server, and Web. • IMAPP software package for processing MODIS direct broadcast data now in use in USA, UK, Germany, Russia, Japan, China, Korea, Brazil, Australia. Level 2 algorithms (cloud mask, profiles, cloud top properties) released in 2002.

12. SSEC EOS Direct Broadcast Block Diagram Level 0 Ingestor SeaSpace TeraScan SX-EOS Tape archive Exabyte 8mm Level 0 Data Level 0 Data Level 1B/2 Processors Intel Solaris x86 (‘terra’) Intel Linux (‘aqua’) Online Level-1B Anonymous FTP (7 days) Level 1B data Level 2 data Browse Images Browse Images Web Server Intel Solaris x86 Database MySQL, PHP Web Pages

13. http://eosdb.ssec.wisc.edu/modisdirect/

15. International MODIS/AIRS Processing Package • Goal: • Transform direct broadcast Level 0 data (initially from MODIS, eventually from all instruments) to calibrated & geolocated radiances (Level 1B) and selected geophysical products (Level 2). • IMAPP Features: • Ported to a range of platforms (IRIX, Solaris, AIX, HPUX, Linux), • Only tool kit required is NCSA HDF4, • Processing environment is greatly simplified, • Downlinked or definitive ephemeris/attitude data may be used, • Passes of arbitrary size may be processed, • Available at no cost; licensed under GNU GPL. • http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/~gumley/IMAPP/

16. IMAPP MODIS Level 1 • Requirements: • Everyone needs to transform Level 0 data to Level 1B • Code must be easy to install and run on a variety of platforms • Code must run on modest hardware • Must be traceable to Level 1 operational version • Implementation: • Toolkits (except HDF4), PCF files, etc. were removed • Simple script automates processing, e.g., • % imapp.csh t1.03033.1615.pds • Output L1B format is very similar (but not identical) to DAAC • Releases: • Versions 1.0-1.4 (May 00, Nov 00, Apr 01, Dec 01, Sep 02)

17. Realtime Geolocation • For realtime processing, ephemeris and attitude downlinked from spacecraft must be used. • Post-processed ephemeris and attitude from NASA GSFC Flight Dynamics may be used for non realtime processing (delay of at least 24 hours after data acquisition) • What is the impact on geolocation accuracy of realtime processing?

18. Figure courtesy of Stefan Maier, DOLA

19. HDF L1B Input Binary L1B BIL format Science Code IMAPP MODIS Level 2 Products Overview • Current products include Cloud Mask, Cloud Top Pressure and Phase, Temperature and Moisture Profiles • Same science as operational algorithms for Terra and Aqua Details • Either IMAPP or DAAC format Level 1B may be used as input • Binary BIL intermediate file format is used (ENVI compatible) • Output binary files may be converted to HDF • Ancillary data are available from SSEC via anonymous FTP Binary L2 BIL format

20. IMAPP MODIS Level 2, Sep. 16, 2002 1636-1647 UTC

21. MODIS Level 2 Realtime Applications MSFC Short Term Prediction Research and Transition Center • Infusion of ESE data into NWS regional forecast operations Terra MODIS 2002/07/18 16:10 UTC Cloud Top Pressure Cloud Mask

22. IMAPP AIRS/AMSU/HSB Level 1 • Requirements: • Everyone needs to transform Level 0 data to Level 1B • JPL maintains the algorithm; UW delivers it to users • Code must run on modest hardware (e.g., Intel Linux) • Must be traceable to Level 1 operational version • Implementation: • DAAC operational version with Python wrappers (by JPL) • Initial platforms will be Solaris and Intel Red Hat Linux • All input data comes from spacecraft (no ancillary required) • Output L1B format is identical to DAAC (6 minute granules) • Have processed SSEC DB data in beta testing • Releases: • Version 1.0: April 2003

23. AIRS L1B data acquired and processed at SSEC on 2003/03/24

24. IMAPP AIRS regression (top) vs. ECMWF analysis (bottom) Western Australia on July 20, 2002 (granule 58)

25. IMAPP AMSR-E Level 1 • Requirements: • Everyone needs to transform Level 0 data to Level 1B • RSS maintains the algorithm; UW delivers it to users • Code must run on modest hardware (e.g., Intel Linux) • Implementation: • DB specific version written in Fortran 90 (by RSS) • Version 1 calibration (not Version 2 with hot load fix) • All input data comes from spacecraft (no ancillary required) • Output L1B format is flat binary • Have processed SSEC DB data in beta testing • Releases: • Pending resolution of calibration algorithm

26. AMSR-E 89 GHz horizontal polarization Acquired and processed at SSEC on January 28, 2003 1912-1923

27. Future Work: MODIS • IMAPP funding has been approved for 2003-2006 • New MODIS Products: • Aerosol Optical Depth (MOD04) • Land Surface Reflectance (MOD09) • Sea Surface Temperature (MOD28) • Cloud Optical Properties (MOD06_OD) • Snow and Sea Ice Detection (MOD10, MOD29) • Scene Classification (Clouds and Land Surface) • Conversion from IMAPP format to DAAC HDF-EOS

28. Future Work: AIRS/AMSU/HSB and AMSR-E • AIRS/AMSU/HSB (in cooperation with JPL): • Level 1 calibration and geolocation • AIRS regression retrieval of temperature and moisture profiles • AIRS + AMSU regression and physical retrieval • AMSU precipitation estimation • MODIS/AIRS collocation • AMSR-E (in cooperation with RSS): • Level 1 calibration and geolocation • Precipitation estimation • Soil moisture • Surface winds

29. International Collaboration • MODIS Direct Broadcast Workshop in Perth, Australia, Nov. 26-29 2002 • Three operational ground stations (Perth, Alice Springs, Hobart) • Participants from CSIRO, DOLA, ACRES, Curtin University • Lectures and lab sessions (ENVI)